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Related Concept Videos

Reservoir of Infection01:30

Reservoir of Infection

Infectious diseases arise from intricate interactions between pathogens and their reservoirs. A reservoir of infection refers to the natural habitat where a pathogen lives, grows, and multiplies, serving as a continual source of infection. Reservoirs are broadly classified as either living or nonliving, and each plays a unique role in disease transmission, significantly influencing public health interventions and control strategies.Humans act as reservoirs for a wide array of pathogens,...
Infection01:20

Infection

When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
Toxoplasmosis01:28

Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, poses significant public health challenges globally due to its high seroprevalence and varied clinical manifestations. As an obligate intracellular parasite, T. gondii can infect all warm-blooded vertebrates, but felids are its only definitive hosts, shedding unsporulated oocysts into the environment. Humans typically acquire the infection through ingestion of tissue cysts in undercooked meat or oocysts from...
Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic01:26

Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur in a healthcare facility while a person receives care for another ailment. This category also includes work-related infections among healthcare staff.
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies. Common...
Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

In Vivo Mouse Model of Spinal Implant Infection
08:03

In Vivo Mouse Model of Spinal Implant Infection

Published on: June 23, 2020

Infections in post-tsunami victims.

Norlijah Othman1, Intan H Ismail, Rosalie Yip

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia. nor@medic.upm.edu.my

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|September 29, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Tsunami survivors in Banda Acheh developed serious infections, including tuberculosis and melioidosis. These mixed infections highlight the long-term health risks for victims of natural disasters.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

In Vivo Mouse Model of Spinal Implant Infection
08:03

In Vivo Mouse Model of Spinal Implant Infection

Published on: June 23, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Tropical Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Natural disasters like tsunamis can lead to complex health challenges in survivors.
  • Post-disaster environments can facilitate the spread of infectious agents.
  • Understanding long-term sequelae is crucial for effective public health response.

Observation:

  • Two pediatric tsunami survivors from Banda Acheh presented with prolonged febrile illness and empyema.
  • Clinical presentations included pyrexia of unknown origin and nonresolving left-sided empyema.
  • These cases highlight potential severe, persistent health issues in disaster-affected populations.

Findings:

  • Both patients were diagnosed with mixed infections involving tuberculosis and melioidosis.
  • One patient also had a Salmonella typhi co-infection.
  • The findings underscore the occurrence of complex, multi-pathogen infections as late complications.

Implications:

  • Mixed infections represent a significant and common late complication for tsunami survivors.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis of co-infections is vital for appropriate treatment and improved outcomes.
  • This emphasizes the need for continued medical surveillance and targeted interventions for populations affected by major natural disasters.