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A hospital-based exercise program to improve body composition, strength, and abdominal adiposity in 2 HIV-infected
1Division of Pediatric Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
Insights
Progressive resistance exercise training improved muscle strength and reduced body fat in two girls with perinatally acquired HIV infection. This medically supervised program demonstrated safety and feasibility, with sustained benefits observed post-intervention.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Pediatric HIV Management
- Body Composition Analysis
Background:
- Children with perinatally acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection often experience altered body composition and reduced physical function.
- Exercise rehabilitation programs are being explored as a supportive intervention for this population.
Observation:
- Two female participants, aged 10 and 17, with HIV infection underwent a 12-week hospital-based progressive resistance exercise training program including aerobic exercise.
- Comprehensive body composition assessments were conducted pre- and post-intervention, including dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and CT scans for visceral adiposity.
Findings:
- Significant improvements in muscle strength were observed (up to 64% increase in some muscle groups).
- Reductions in visceral adipose tissue (up to 23%) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (up to 21%) were noted.
- One participant experienced a 9% decrease in total body fat, with no adverse effects reported.
Implications:
- Medically supervised progressive resistance exercise training appears safe and feasible for pediatric HIV patients.
- Exercise interventions can positively impact body composition and muscle strength in children with HIV.
- Sustained or improved outcomes were observed following the transition to home-based training, suggesting long-term benefits.
Abstract:
Two girls, aged 10 and 17 years, both with perinatally acquired HIV infection, participated in a 12-week, hospital-based exercise rehabilitation program of progressive resistance exercise training with an aerobic component. Weight, height, skin-fold thickness (4 sites), lean body and fat mass (assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), and visceral adiposity (assessed by single-slice CT scan) were measured at the start and at the competition of the training program. After 12 weeks of training, both girls showed improved muscle strength (up to 64% increase in some muscle groups) and decreased visceral adipose tissue (up to 23%) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (up to 21%). One child decreased her total body fat by 9%. No adverse effects of the program were seen. These preliminary data suggest that progressive resistance exercise training in a medically supervised environment is safe and feasible for children with HIV infection. Most of these improvements were sustained or had increased at follow-up after home-based training.
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