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Rodent Brain Microinjection to Study Molecular Substrates of Motivated Behavior
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Brain macrostructural and microstructural abnormalities in cocaine dependence.

Kelvin O Lim1, Jeffrey R Wozniak, Bryon A Mueller

  • 1University of Minnesota, Department of Psychiatry, F282/2A West, 2450 Riverside Avenue, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA. kolim@umn.edu

Drug and Alcohol Dependence
|October 2, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cocaine abuse is linked to brain abnormalities, particularly in frontal white matter integrity. Longer cocaine use correlates with more severe microstructural and macrostructural brain changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Previous diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies indicated white matter abnormalities in cocaine abuse.
  • This study investigates macrostructural and microstructural brain changes associated with cocaine use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the macrostructural and microstructural correlates of cocaine abuse using anatomical MRI and DTI.
  • To assess brain abnormalities in individuals with a history of cocaine use.

Main Methods:

  • Included 21 cocaine users and 21 age/gender-matched controls.
  • Measured fractional anisotropy (FA) in frontal white matter regions using DTI.
  • Compared gray and white matter volumes in frontal regions.

Main Results:

  • Cocaine users showed lower FA in inferior frontal white matter compared to controls.
  • No significant volumetric differences were found, but frontal gray and white matter volumes trended smaller in cocaine users.
  • Duration of cocaine use correlated with reduced gray and white matter volumes and FA.

Conclusions:

  • Cocaine abuse is associated with both macrostructural and microstructural brain abnormalities.
  • The severity of brain abnormalities in cocaine abusers correlates with the duration of substance use.
  • Further research on white matter integrity and the relationship between DTI and volumetric measures is recommended.