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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Urinary System01:20

Disorders of the Urinary System

The urinary system is responsible for eliminating waste and excess fluids from the body. However, disorders of the urinary system can arise due to various reasons like infections, stress, age, congenital abnormalities, and lifestyle.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common urinary system disorders. They are caused by bacteria that enter the urethra and can spread to the bladder resulting in cystitis. Pyelonephritis is the result of a UTI that has ascended to the level of the...
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction

Renal calculi, or kidney stones, are solid deposits of minerals and salts formed inside the kidneys. In medical terminology, "calculus" refers to the stone itself, while "lithiasis" describes the process of stone formation. Depending on their location within the urinary system, these stones may be classified as either urolithiasis, when situated within the urinary tract, or nephrolithiasis, when located within the kidneys. Each term signifies the specific impact of the stone.Predisposition...
Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction01:29

Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction

Intestinal obstruction is a partial or complete blockage of the small or large intestine that disrupts the normal flow of intestinal contents through the lumen. This interruption impairs digestion, absorption, and fluid balance, and may lead to serious complications if not treated promptly.Mechanical ObstructionMechanical obstruction occurs when a physical blockage prevents intestinal contents from passing, arising from within the lumen or the bowel wall, or from external compression.Adhesions,...
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction01:26

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impact various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are generally bacterial, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative agent, often originating from the gastrointestinal tract. However, other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, are also known to cause UTIs. The type, location, and underlying complexity of the UTI guide both...

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Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Assessing Urinary Tract Junction Obstruction Defects by Methylene Blue Dye Injection
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Assessing Urinary Tract Junction Obstruction Defects by Methylene Blue Dye Injection

Published on: October 12, 2017

Congenital urinary tract obstruction.

R K Morris1, Mark D Kilby

  • 1Academic Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Birmingham Women's Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TG, UK. r.k.morris@bham.ac.uk

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology
|October 2, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Congenital urinary tract obstruction diagnosis in pregnancy enables early planning for infant care. Certain prenatal factors predict poor kidney function, guiding potential in-utero interventions for better outcomes.

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An Immature Murine Model of Reversible Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction
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Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Assessing Urinary Tract Junction Obstruction Defects by Methylene Blue Dye Injection
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Assessing Urinary Tract Junction Obstruction Defects by Methylene Blue Dye Injection

Published on: October 12, 2017

An Immature Murine Model of Reversible Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction
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An Immature Murine Model of Reversible Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction

Published on: April 4, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Perinatology
  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Congenital urinary tract obstruction (cUTO) presents a diverse clinical spectrum.
  • Timely diagnosis during the second trimester is crucial for parental counseling and coordinated care.
  • Predicting postnatal renal function antenatally remains challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of early diagnosis of cUTO.
  • To discuss antenatal factors predicting renal function.
  • To explore the potential for fetal intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic methods for fetal urinary tract anomalies.
  • Analysis of existing literature on predictive factors for renal outcomes.
  • Discussion of current and emerging in-utero treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • Accurate diagnosis in the late first and second trimesters is achievable.
  • Specific antenatal indicators correlate with poor postnatal renal function.
  • In-utero interventions are a potential therapeutic option for select cases.

Conclusions:

  • Early and accurate diagnosis of cUTO is vital for optimizing pregnancy and neonatal management.
  • Identifying fetuses at risk of poor renal function allows for targeted interventions.
  • Advances in fetal medicine offer hope for improving outcomes in cUTO.