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Updated: Jul 11, 2026

In Vitro Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells into Trophoblastic Cells

In Vitro Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells into Trophoblastic Cells

Published on: March 16, 2017

Multiple human papillomavirus types replicate in 3A trophoblasts.

H You¹, Y Liu, N Agrawal

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.

|October 2, 2007

Summary

Human papillomavirus (HPV) can replicate in trophoblasts, the cells involved in spontaneous abortions. This suggests trophoblasts are permissive to HPV, similar to squamous epithelium, supporting links between HPV infection and pregnancy loss.

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Area of Science:

Virology
Reproductive Biology
Cell Biology

Background:

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is prevalent in spontaneous abortions and infects trophoblasts.
Previous studies showed HPV type 16 replicates in 3A trophoblasts.
The permissiveness of trophoblasts to other genital HPV types was unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if genital HPV types 11, 18, and 31 can replicate in trophoblasts.
To determine if trophoblasts support productive HPV infection.

Main Methods:

Lipofection of HPV genomic DNAs (types 11, 18, 31) into 3A trophoblasts.
Analysis of HPV DNA replication (Southern blot), gene expression (RT-PCR), and protein production (immunohistochemistry).
Assay of infectious HPV units and gene expression profiling (microarray).

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Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

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Published on: March 16, 2017

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Main Results:

HPV types 11, 18, and 31 replicated their DNA and expressed early/late genes in 3A trophoblasts.
Infectious HPV units were detected in transfected trophoblast lysates.
Trophoblasts exhibited gene expression profiles closer to keratinocytes than fibroblasts, with higher expression of HPV transcription factors AP-1 and Sp1.

Conclusions:

Trophoblasts are broadly permissive to HPV infection, similar to squamous epithelium.
Similarities in gene expression between trophoblasts and keratinocytes may explain HPV permissiveness.
These findings support the link between HPV infection of trophoblasts and spontaneous abortions.