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A universal expression/silencing vector in plants.

Yuval Peretz¹, Rita Mozes-Koch, Fuad Akad

¹Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, Institute for Plant Sciences and Genetics, Rehovot 76100, Israel.

Plant Physiology

|October 2, 2007

Summary

A novel plant gene expression vector, IL-60, enables gene silencing or expression in diverse plant species, including difficult-to-transform crops. This safe, non-heritable system offers rapid and durable gene manipulation for agricultural applications.

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Area of Science:

Plant Biotechnology
Molecular Biology
Virology

Background:

Developing efficient gene manipulation tools for diverse plant species is crucial for crop improvement.
Existing methods often face limitations in efficiency, host range, and heritability.
The Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is a plant pathogen with potential for vector development.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a universal and efficient plant gene expression and silencing vector.
To assess the vector's efficacy across a broad range of plant species, including recalcitrant ones.
To ensure the vector's safety and non-heritable nature for practical applications.

Main Methods:

A disarmed Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) derivative, termed IL-60, was engineered as a plant gene vector.
IL-60 was tested for its ability to express or silence genes in various plant species, including wheat, pepper, grapevine, citrus, and olive.
The vector's replication, integration, heritability, and transmission characteristics were evaluated.
Artificial satellites were constructed to create an inducible expressing/silencing system dependent on IL-60.

Main Results:

IL-60 successfully mediated gene expression or silencing in all tested plant species, including hard-to-manipulate ones like wheat and grapevine.
Gene manipulation effects were observed within days in herbaceous plants and up to 3 weeks in woody species.
Expression was durable and persisted throughout the plant's lifespan.
IL-60 does not produce viral progeny, does not integrate into the plant genome, and is not heritable or transmitted by insect vectors.
An inducible system was created using IL-60, demonstrating its potential by conferring resistance to Grapevine virus A.

Conclusions:

IL-60 represents a versatile and effective universal vector for plant gene manipulation.
The system offers rapid, durable, and safe gene expression and silencing across diverse plant species.
IL-60 has significant potential for crop improvement and functional genomics research.