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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating

Published on: October 11, 2016

Grating mosaic based on image processing of far-field diffraction intensity patterns in two wavelengths.

Yao Hu¹, Lijiang Zeng

¹State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. huyao00@mails.thu.edu.cn

|October 2, 2007

Summary

This study introduces a grating mosaic method using image processing to perfectly join two gratings. The technique ensures a larger grating substitute without wavefront aberration, validated experimentally.

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Area of Science:

Optics
Diffraction Gratings
Image Processing

Background:

Mosaic gratings are essential for creating larger optical components.
Existing methods may introduce wavefront aberrations.
Precise alignment is critical for grating performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a practical grating mosaic method for perfect grating assembly.
To eliminate wavefront aberrations in mosaic gratings.
To enable the substitution of a single, larger grating with precisely joined smaller gratings.

Main Methods:

Quantitative image processing of three far-field diffraction patterns.
Analysis of zeroth-order and first-order patterns at two wavelengths.
Separation of angular, lateral, and longitudinal phase errors.

Main Results:

Achieved angular and positional detection sensitivities of <6 microrad and <14 nm.
Positional adjustment periodicity showed <1.8% deviation from theoretical values.
Verified the necessity and performance of perfect mosaic gratings using a third wavelength.

Conclusions:

The proposed grating mosaic method enables precise assembly of planar gratings.
The technique effectively eliminates wavefront aberrations, ensuring high-fidelity optical performance.
This method provides a practical solution for creating large-format gratings from smaller components.