[Surface replacement shoulder: arthroplasty indications and limits]

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic surgery
• Biomechanical restoration
• Arthroplasty techniques

Background:

• Shoulder replacement aims to restore glenohumeral joint anatomy and biomechanics.
• Preservation of at least 60% of the humeral head bone stock is crucial for successful surface replacement.
• Individualized implantation minimizes risks like prosthetic malpositioning and periprosthetic fractures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy and indications of shoulder surface replacement arthroplasty.
• To compare outcomes with traditional stem prostheses.
• To assess the suitability of resurfacing for various shoulder pathologies.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of surface replacement arthroplasty outcomes.
• Review of indications including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, avascular necrosis, and cuff tear arthropathy.
• Comparison of surgical revision ease and bone stock preservation.

Main Results:

• Surface replacement is viable with sufficient humeral bone stock and no severe deformity.
• Outcomes for osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are comparable to modular stem prostheses.
• Resurfacing shows promise for stable cuff tear arthropathy under limited goals criteria.

Conclusions:

• Shoulder resurfacing arthroplasty effectively restores joint function when specific bone stock criteria are met.
• It offers a viable alternative for managing osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and certain cases of cuff tear arthropathy.
• The technique facilitates easier revision surgery due to preserved bone stock.