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Acute reversible hearing loss in scrub typhus.

S K Mahajan1, D Bakshi

  • 1Deen Dayal Upadhayaya Zonal Hospital, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
|October 3, 2007
PubMed
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Scrub typhus, a bacterial infection, can cause acute hearing loss. This study highlights two cases where hearing loss was reversible, aiding in diagnosis confirmation via PCR.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Otolaryngology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Scrub typhus is a zoonotic illness caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi.
  • Pyrexia and multi-organ involvement are common presentations.
  • Acute hearing loss is an underrecognized symptom, occurring in approximately one-third of patients.

Observation:

  • Two cases of scrub typhus presenting with acute, reversible hearing loss are detailed.
  • Patients were from a geographic area endemic for scrub typhus.
  • The hearing impairment was a significant diagnostic clue.

Findings:

  • Nested PCR confirmed the diagnosis of scrub typhus in both cases.
  • The hearing loss was demonstrated to be reversible, suggesting a non-permanent effect.

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  • This underscores the importance of considering scrub typhus in patients with unexplained hearing deficits.

    • Implications:

    • Early recognition of hearing loss in scrub typhus can lead to prompt diagnosis and treatment.
    • This finding may improve patient outcomes by preventing irreversible complications.
    • Further research into the pathophysiology of hearing loss in scrub typhus is warranted.