Lateralization of interictal EEG findings

Several reports indicate that interictal epileptiform discharges (IED) may be more likely to occur over the left cerebral hemisphere than over the right. The objective of our study was to determine the frequency and type of IED on routine and multihour EEGs in a tertiary epilepsy center to estimate the frequency of left-sided versus right-sided IED and to determine interictal spike distribution pattern differences between adult and pediatric epilepsy patients. The current study retrospectively reviewed 31,207 EEGs (25,793 routine EEGs and 5414 multihour EEGs) recorded on 24,003 patients during the period from 1993 to 2003. All EEGs were read according to a systematic EEG classification system. Every patient was considered only once by including the first abnormal EEG. Regional unilateral or bilateral IEDs were recorded in 1707 patients (7%). Regional unilateral or bilateral slow was recorded in 2297 patients (9.6%). Left-sided regional IED were seen in 828 patients and accounted for 58% of all unilateral IED. Left-sided slow was seen in 1389 patients and accounted for 65% of all unilateral slow. Lateralization of slow was due to intermittent slow, whereas continuous slow involved both hemispheres equally. There was no lateralization difference in benign focal epileptiform discharges of childhood. Lateralization shows a tendency toward greater left-sided lateralization of interictal findings with aging. Benign focal epileptiform discharges were only seen under the age of 20 years old. Regional IEDs were seen in approximately 7% of patients and slowing occurs in 10% of patients. Both abnormalities were seen more frequently in the left hemisphere. Age adjusted analysis of the data revealed that this left-sided predominance was mildly increased in adults as compared with pediatric patients.