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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers01:16

Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers

The muscles of the forearm that move the wrist, hand, and digits are numerous and diverse. They can be classified into two groups based on their location and function — the anterior and posterior compartment muscles.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment muscles originate from the humerus. They primarily function as flexors and are also known as flexor muscles. They typically insert on the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. The superficial layer includes the flexor carpi radialis,...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a short...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna

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Spinal Nerves: Plexus I01:22

Spinal Nerves: Plexus I

Nerve plexuses are networks of interlacing nerves that serve as communication hubs to distribute and organize nerve action across various body regions. The nerve plexuses are organized into the cervical plexus located in the neck region, brachial plexus in the shoulder area, lumbar plexus found in the lower back, sacral plexus situated in the pelvis, and coccygeal plexus located in the coccygeal region.
The Cervical Plexus
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Arteries of the Upper Limbs01:12

Arteries of the Upper Limbs

The subclavian artery transitions into the axillary artery as it exits the chest and enters the axillary region. This artery is critical for supplying blood to the shoulder area, including the head of the humerus, through the humeral circumflex arteries. As the vessel continues into the upper arm or brachium, it becomes the brachial artery. This artery plays a key role in vascularizing the brachial region and bifurcates at the elbow into several branches. These branches include the deep...
Assessment of the Cardiovascular System III: Palpation01:27

Assessment of the Cardiovascular System III: Palpation

Palpation involves feeling the body to evaluate texture, size, consistency, and tenderness for assessing cardiovascular health. The following steps are organized in a head-to-toe order:
Jugular Venous Pressure (JVP) Measurement
Position the patient at a thirty- to forty-five-degree angle or in a semi-fowler's position. Look for the highest point of pulsation in the internal jugular vein and measure the vertical distance to the angle of Loius or sternal angle. A normal JVP is 3-4 cm above the...

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Related Experiment Videos

Gout affecting the hand and wrist.

Brian T Fitzgerald1, Arathi Setty, Chaitanya S Mudgal

  • 1Naval Medical Center, San Diego, USA.

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
|October 6, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Tophaceous gout in elderly hands and wrists can be the initial presentation. Treatment ranges from simple aspiration or expression of tophaceous material to lifestyle changes, medication, or surgery for severe joint and nerve issues.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Orthopedics
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Tophaceous gout frequently manifests initially in the hand and wrist, particularly in elderly patients.
  • The presentation of tophaceous material varies, appearing as liquid, paste, or chalky/granular deposits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the clinical presentation and management strategies for tophaceous gout in the hand and wrist.
  • To highlight the spectrum of treatment options, from conservative measures to surgical interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations of tophaceous gout in the hand and wrist.
  • Analysis of current treatment modalities, including non-surgical and surgical approaches.

Main Results:

  • Tophaceous gout can be the first indication of the disease, especially in older adults.
  • Initial management may involve simple procedures like aspiration or expression of tophaceous material.
  • Nonsurgical options include lifestyle adjustments, dietary changes, and pharmacotherapy.
  • Surgery is reserved for cases with significant joint/tendon damage, skin compromise, or nerve compression.

Conclusions:

  • Early recognition of tophaceous gout in the hand and wrist is crucial for timely intervention.
  • A tiered approach to treatment, starting with conservative methods and progressing to surgery when necessary, is effective.
  • Management should address not only the tophi but also associated complications like joint destruction and neuropathy.