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Updated: Jul 11, 2026

In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients

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Acquired immunologic tolerance: with particular reference to transplantation.

Thomas E Starzl¹

¹Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), 7th Floor, South, 3459 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. mangantl@msx.upmc.edu

Immunologic Research

|October 6, 2007

Summary

Robert Good

Area of Science:

Immunology
Transplantation Biology

Background:

Human bone marrow transplantation (BMT) success in 1968 followed earlier mouse models of immunologic tolerance.
Organ transplantation in humans began in 1959 without prior experimental validation or clear immunologic basis.

Observation:

Early human BMT success was linked to leukocyte chimerism.
Organ engraftment mechanisms were initially presumed to differ significantly from BMT.

Findings:

Historical comparison of BMT and organ transplantation highlights evolving concepts in alloengraftment and acquired tolerance.
Robert A. Good's pioneering work provides crucial context for understanding these immunological advancements.

Implications:

Understanding the historical trajectory of transplantation research, particularly the contributions of Robert A. Good, is key to current immunological concepts.

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This perspective reframes the understanding of alloengraftment and acquired tolerance in both bone marrow and organ transplantation.