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Preventive effect of water containing magnesium ion on paw edema in adjuvant-induced arthritis rat
Noriaki Nagai1, Takashi Fukuhata, Yoshimasa Ito
1Kinki University School of Pharmacy, Osaka, Japan.
Abstract:
We demonstrate the preventive effect of bittern water (BW), which enables the effective intake of magnesium ion (Mg(2+)), on paw edema in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) rat. BW (five kinds; BW-1, 2, 3, 4, 5) containing 10-200 mg/l Mg(2+) was used in this study. Arthritis was induced by the injection of 50 microl of a suspension of 10 mg/ml heat-killed butyricum (Mycobacterium butyricum) in Bayol F oil into the plantar region of the right hind foot and tail of rats. Paw edema of the right and left hind feet of AA rats were reduced by the administration of BW for 14 d after adjuvant injection in comparison with those of AA rats administered purified water. The preventive effect increased with the increasing Mg(2+) content of the BW. In addition, a combination of indomethacin (IM, 2 mg/kg) and BW-5 (200 mg/l Mg(2+)) prevented paw edema of the right and left hind feet of AA rats in comparison with IM alone. The fate of plasma IM after the oral administration of the combined IM (2 mg/kg/d) and BW-5 was similar to that after the administration of IM alone. In conclusion, the oral administration of Mg(2+) to AA rats potently prevents the development of inflammation, and the combination of IM and Mg(2+) may provide an effective therapy of arthritic edema.
Insights
Bittern water (BW), rich in magnesium ions (Mg2+), effectively prevents paw edema in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) rats. Combining BW with indomethacin (IM) offers a potent therapy for arthritic inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Pharmacology
- Immunology
Background:
- Adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) in rats is a model for studying inflammatory conditions.
- Magnesium ion (Mg2+) intake is crucial for various physiological processes.
- Bittern water (BW) is a natural source of bioavailable magnesium.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the preventive effects of BW, as a source of Mg2+, on paw edema in AA rats.
- To evaluate the efficacy of BW alone and in combination with indomethacin (IM).
Main Methods:
- Arthritis was induced in rats via injection of heat-killed Mycobacterium butyricum.
- Rats were administered varying concentrations of BW (10-200 mg/l Mg2+) or purified water for 14 days.
- The combined effect of BW and indomethacin (IM) was assessed.
Main Results:
- BW administration significantly reduced paw edema in AA rats compared to controls.
- The preventive effect of BW correlated positively with its Mg2+ content.
- A combination of IM and BW-5 (200 mg/l Mg2+) showed enhanced prevention of paw edema compared to IM alone.
- Plasma levels of IM were unaffected by co-administration with BW-5.
Conclusions:
- Oral administration of Mg2+ from BW potently prevents inflammation development in AA rats.
- The combination of IM and Mg2+ presents a promising therapeutic strategy for managing arthritic edema.