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Published on: July 24, 2016

Coronary involvement in infants with Kawasaki disease treated with intravenous gamma-globulin

Noelia Moreno1, Ana Méndez-Echevarría, Jaime de Inocencio

  • 1Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Children's Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain.

Pediatric Cardiology
|October 6, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Infants with typical Kawasaki disease (KD) show a high incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) despite early intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment. This study highlights the need for continued vigilance in managing KD in infants.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Kawasaki disease (KD) is a leading cause of acquired heart disease in children.
  • Coronary artery abnormalities are a major concern in KD management.
  • Infantile KD presents unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical features of typical Kawasaki disease in infants.
  • To determine the incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in this age group.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of early intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of infants (≤1 year) diagnosed with typical KD from 1992-2006.
  • Exclusion of incomplete KD presentations.
  • Assessment of treatment protocols including IVIG and aspirin (ASA) timing.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-five infants met the criteria for typical KD.
  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) developed in 24% of patients.
  • Most infants received IVIG within 10 days, yet a significant CAD rate persisted.

Conclusions:

  • Early IVIG administration did not fully prevent CAD in infants with typical KD.
  • The observed CAD rate in infants is comparable to historical data without IVIG.
  • Further research is needed to optimize KD management in infants to prevent cardiac sequelae.
Abstract

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