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Fumonisin B1 alters cell cycle progression and interleukin-2 synthesis in swine peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Daniela E Marin1, Marie-Estelle Gouze, Ionelia Taranu
1INCDBNA, National Research and Development Institut for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Balotesti, Romania.
Abstract:
Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium verticillioides, a fungus that commonly contaminates maize. In the present study, we investigated the effects of FB1 on swine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by measuring cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and interleukin (IL)-2 production. Forty-eight hours after treatment in vitro, FB1 induced a decrease of PBMC proliferation as measured by cell counting and dehydrogenase enzyme activity. This effect was observed starting with 10 microM FB1. The effect of FB1 on cell cycle progression was analyzed by flow cytometry. Incubation of PBMC with FB1 increased the percentage of cells blocked in G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Treatment with 200 microM FB1 induces a high blockade of the cell cycle, with 92.4% of cells in G0/G1 phase. This blockade was observed in all lymphocyte subsets tested (CD2+, CD4+, CD8+ and Ig+) as evidenced by dual staining for DNA and membrane surface molecules. A significant decrease of IL2 production was also observed in the supernatants of ConA stimulated PBMC treated with 100 or 200 microM FB1. In conclusion, these data suggest that FB1 may affect immune functions by inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation and IL2 production, suggesting a possible role of FB1 exposure during infectious disease and cancer.
Insights
Fumonisin B1 (FB1), a maize contaminant mycotoxin, inhibits swine immune cells. FB1 decreases peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation and interleukin-2 (IL-2) production, impacting immune function.
Area of Science:
- * Immunotoxicology
- * Mycotoxicology
- * Veterinary Immunology
Background:
- * Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a prevalent mycotoxin produced by Fusarium verticillioides, frequently contaminating maize crops.
- * Maize is a staple feed for swine, raising concerns about potential FB1 exposure and its health implications.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To investigate the in vitro effects of FB1 on swine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).
- * To assess FB1's impact on PBMC proliferation, cell cycle progression, and interleukin-2 (IL-2) production.
Main Methods:
- * In vitro exposure of swine PBMCs to varying concentrations of FB1.
- * Measurement of cell proliferation via cell counting and dehydrogenase enzyme activity.
- * Analysis of cell cycle progression using flow cytometry and dual staining for DNA and surface molecules.
- * Quantification of IL-2 production in cell culture supernatants.
Main Results:
- * FB1 significantly decreased PBMC proliferation starting at 10 microM.
- * FB1 induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase across all tested lymphocyte subsets (CD2+, CD4+, CD8+, Ig+).
- * A dose-dependent decrease in IL-2 production was observed in ConA-stimulated PBMCs treated with FB1 (100-200 microM).
Conclusions:
- * FB1 exposure impairs swine immune cell function by inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation and IL-2 production.
- * These findings suggest FB1 may compromise swine immunity, potentially increasing susceptibility to infections and cancer.
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