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The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans

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ADH7 variation modulates extraversion and conscientiousness in substance-dependent subjects.

Xingguang Luo¹, Henry R Kranzler, Lingjun Zuo

¹Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. Xingguang.Luo@yale.edu

American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric Genetics : the Official Publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics

|October 6, 2007

Summary

Genetic variations in the alcohol dehydrogenase 7 (ADH7) gene are linked to human personality traits and substance dependence (SD). ADH7 variations influence Extraversion and Conscientiousness in individuals with SD, suggesting shared genetic risks.

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Area of Science:

Behavioral Genetics
Pharmacogenetics
Human Genetics

Background:

Human personality traits are heritable and associated with substance dependence (SD).
Recent studies suggest a link between alcohol dehydrogenase 7 (ADH7) and SD.
The genetic underpinnings of personality traits and their overlap with SD risk require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between variations in the ADH7 gene and personality traits.
To determine if ADH7 genetic markers are associated with specific personality dimensions in individuals with and without SD.
To explore potential shared genetic factors between ADH7 variation, personality, and SD risk.

Main Methods:

Assessed five-factor model personality dimensions in 244 subjects with SD and 293 healthy controls.
Genotyped 4 ADH7 markers and 38 ancestry-informative markers.
Utilized multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and stepwise analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to examine associations.

Main Results:

In subjects with SD, ADH7 variations were significantly associated with Extraversion and Conscientiousness.
Specific ADH7 haplotypes and genotypes, including rs284786 and rs1154470, were linked to these personality traits.
In healthy subjects, ADH7 variations were associated with other personality factors, with some sex-specific effects observed.

Conclusions:

ADH7 gene variation contributes to the genetic component of personality trait variation.
The findings suggest a potential shared genetic basis for ADH7-related personality traits and substance dependence risk.
This research highlights ADH7 as a potential target for understanding the interplay between genetics, personality, and addiction.