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Shoulder dystocia: an update.

Amy G Gottlieb1, Henry L Galan

  • 1Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA. amy.gottlieb@uchsc.edu

Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America
|October 9, 2007
PubMed
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Shoulder dystocia, a birth complication, lacks a standard definition and management plan. Clinicians must be prepared to manage this unpredictable event despite its rarity.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Perinatal Medicine

Background:

  • Shoulder dystocia lacks a universally accepted definition and management protocol.
  • It is an unpredictable obstetric emergency with an incidence of 0.2% to 3%.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of shoulder dystocia, including its risk factors and management strategies.
  • To highlight the challenges in training clinicians for shoulder dystocia management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on shoulder dystocia.
  • Analysis of identified risk factors and described management maneuvers.

Main Results:

  • Identified risk factors include macrosomia, maternal diabetes, operative vaginal delivery, and obesity.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Multiple maneuvers exist for management, but standardized training is challenging due to infrequent occurrence.

    • Conclusions:

    • Shoulder dystocia requires immediate clinical management despite the absence of a consensus definition or algorithm.
    • All healthcare providers must be equipped to manage shoulder dystocia effectively when it occurs.