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Vagina

Vagina

The vaginal canal is a tubular structure averaging about 10 cm in length that acts as the entryway to the female reproductive system and the passageway for menstrual flow and childbirth. The interior walls of the vagina exhibit concentric folds called rugae and are topped by an area known as the fornix, which connects with the protruding cervical portion of the uterus. This canal is comprised of an external fibrous layer, a muscular middle layer, and an inner lining with mucosal rugae, which...

External Female Genitals

External Female Genitals

The vulva encompasses the external structures of the female reproductive system. At the forefront is the monpubis, a cushion of fatty tissue atop the pubic bone. Once puberty sets in, this area typically grows hair. Extending from just behind the mons pubis are the labia majora (labia = 'lips'; majora = 'larger'), which are larger skin fs olds coated with hair. Nestled within are the labia minora (labia = 'lips'; minora = 'smaller'), which are thinner, more pigmented, and hairless. While the...

Plastic Deformations

Plastic Deformations

It is essential to understand how structural members behave under plastic deformation when the bending stress exceeds the material's yield strength. This state of deformation permanently alters the shape of the member, in contrast to the linear elastic behavior observed before yielding. The strain at any point in the member is expressed in terms of maximum strain. Notably, the neutral axis, which coincides with the centroid during elastic bending, shifts away from the centroid under plastic...

Plastic Deformations

Plastic Deformations

Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their original...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Laparoscopic Oocyte Retrieval and Cryopreservation during Vaginoplasty for Treatment of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome

Laparoscopic Oocyte Retrieval and Cryopreservation during Vaginoplasty for Treatment of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome

Published on: May 10, 2022

Vaginoplasty.

Melissa C Davies¹, Sarah M Creighton

¹Kingston Hospital NHS Trust, Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey, UK.

Current Opinion in Urology

|October 9, 2007

Summary

Vaginal dilation is the preferred method for vaginal creation. Laparoscopic techniques offer good outcomes for vaginoplasty when dilation is unsuccessful, but more research on long-term sexual function is needed.

Area of Science:

Reproductive Medicine
Surgical Innovation

Background:

Vaginoplasty is a surgical procedure for vaginal construction.
Advances in surgical techniques and outcome data are crucial for patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advances in vaginoplasty techniques.
To include new surgical methods and modifications.
To present available outcome data.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent advances in vaginoplasty.
Analysis of new and modified surgical techniques.
Evaluation of reported outcome data, including sexual function.

Main Results:

Vaginal dilation is a successful non-surgical method for vaginal creation.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Laparoscopic Oocyte Retrieval and Cryopreservation during Vaginoplasty for Treatment of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome

Laparoscopic Oocyte Retrieval and Cryopreservation during Vaginoplasty for Treatment of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome

Published on: May 10, 2022

Laparoscopic techniques represent significant advances in vaginal reconstruction surgery.

Intestinal neovagina procedures may be needed less frequently with improved laparoscopic skills.

Autologous vaginal tissue transplantation shows potential for future advancements.

Conclusions:

Vaginal dilation should be the primary treatment option.
Laparoscopic vaginoplasty provides good outcomes and rapid recovery when dilation fails.
Further research on long-term sexual satisfaction, orgasm, and body image is essential for comparing procedures.