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Related Experiment Videos

Somatotropic adenomas without acromegaly.

J Trouillas1, G Sassolas, B Loras

  • 1Laboratoire d'Histologie-Embryologie, Faculté de Médecine Alexis Carrel, Lyon, France.

Pathology, Research and Practice
|December 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Somatotropic adenomas, often presenting as prolactinomas, can occur without causing acromegaly. These tumors show distinct clinical and pathological features, suggesting different disease stages.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Somatotropic adenomas are pituitary tumors that secrete growth hormone (GH).
  • Acromegaly is a condition caused by excessive GH secretion, typically from these adenomas.
  • This study investigates somatotropic adenomas found in patients without clinical signs of acromegaly.

Observation:

  • Seventeen somatotropic adenomas were analyzed from patients lacking acromegaly.
  • Thirteen adenomas presented as prolactinomas, with elevated prolactin (PRL) and symptoms like amenorrhea/galactorrhea.
  • Patients were grouped by basal serum GH levels: Group I (slightly elevated GH, n=4) and Group II (GH ≤ 5 µg/L, n=13).

Findings:

  • Tumoral GH secretion was confirmed in all cases via immunocytochemistry, and in five cases by further in vitro/in situ methods.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Group I tumors were small, well-differentiated, exhibiting silent GH hypersecretion, possibly an early disease stage.
  • Group II tumors were large, poorly differentiated, with normal GH levels and low GH secretion; nine also showed PRL or PRL mRNA expression, insufficient for acromegaly.

    • Implications:

    • Somatotropic adenomas without acromegaly represent at least two distinct anatomoclinical presentations.
    • Understanding these variations is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of pituitary tumors.
    • Further research may elucidate the progression from silent GH secretion to overt acromegaly.