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Related Concept Videos

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
What is Population Genetics?01:25

What is Population Genetics?

A population is composed of members of the same species that simultaneously live and interact in the same area. When individuals in a population breed, they pass down their genes to their offspring. Many of these genes are polymorphic, meaning that they occur in multiple variants. Such variations of a gene are referred to as alleles. The collective set of all the alleles within a population is known as the gene pool.While some alleles of a given gene might be observed commonly, other variants...
Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants01:27

Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants

The human genome is over 99.9% identical between individuals, yet genetic differences exist at millions of bases. The human genome contains approximately 3 million variant positions per individual, many of which are heterozygous, contributing to genetic diversity and individual traits. Genetic variations include single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions, deletions, and copy number variations (CNVs).SNPs, the most common variation, involve single-base changes in DNA. These can be...
Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
Hardy-Weinberg Principle01:49

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

Diploid organisms have two alleles of each gene, one from each parent, in their somatic cells. Therefore, each individual contributes two alleles to the gene pool of the population. The gene pool of a population is the sum of every allele of all genes within that population and has some degree of variation. Genetic variation is typically expressed as a relative frequency, which is the percentage of the total population that has a given allele, genotype or phenotype.In the early 20th century,...
Gene Flow02:39

Gene Flow

Gene flow is the transfer of genes among populations, resulting from either the dispersal of gametes or from the migration of individuals.

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Personalized Peptide Arrays for Detection of HLA Alloantibodies in Organ Transplantation
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Personalized Peptide Arrays for Detection of HLA Alloantibodies in Organ Transplantation

Published on: September 6, 2017

[The population genetics study in HLA field].

Kou-rong Miao1, Cheng-ya Wang

  • 1HLA Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029 PR China.

Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua Yixue Yichuanxue Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Medical Genetics
|October 9, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is the most genetically diverse system in humans. Understanding HLA diversity is crucial for matching stem cell donors and studying disease associations.

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Area of Science:

  • Human Genetics
  • Immunogenetics
  • Population Genetics

Context:

  • The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is characterized by extreme genetic polymorphism.
  • HLA gene and haplotype diversity varies significantly across different ethnic and geographic populations.
  • Investigating HLA population genetics is vital for medical and anthropological research.

Purpose:

  • To review the molecular genetic principles of HLA.
  • To summarize the progress in investigating HLA population genetics.
  • To discuss the methodologies employed in HLA population studies.

Summary:

  • This review covers the fundamental molecular genetics of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system.
  • It details the significant polymorphism within HLA genes and haplotypes across diverse human populations.
  • The review also examines advancements in population-based HLA investigations and the techniques used.

Impact:

  • Facilitates the identification of HLA-matched unrelated donors for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
  • Supports the investigation of associations between HLA types and various diseases.
  • Provides a foundation for understanding human population diversity and evolution through genetic markers.