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[Prevalence of speech disorders in schoolchildren and its associated factors]
Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart1, Brasília Maria Chiari
1Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brasil. bgoulart@via-rs.net
Objective:
To assess prevalence of speech disorders in schoolchildren and its associated factors.
Methods:
Cross-sectional study comprising a random sample of 1,810 schoolchildren attending the first grade in public schools in a city of Southern Brazil, in 2001. Schoolchildren aged between five and 11 years were evaluated using a previously validated speech screening test for phonetic and/or phonologic disorders. Data on school failure, gender, age and maternal and paternal schooling were collected to test associations. Associations between variables were analyzed using the Chi-square test.
Results:
The prevalence of speech disorders in the children studied was 24.6% and they were more prevalent in younger children aged five and six compared to children aged ten or more. Speech disorders prevalence around five years old was 57% and between eight and ten years old was 42%. Speech disorders frequency was similar in both sexes. The prevalence of disorders was associated to maternal and paternal schooling, 79.5% and 78.6%, respectively, when parents had less then one year of study.
Conclusions:
The prevalence of speech disorders among schoolchildren studied was higher than that described in the literature. Parental schooling was a major factor associated to these disorders.
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