Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Solid state interconversion between anhydrous norfloxacin and its hydrates.

Wanchai Chongcharoen1, Stephen R Byrn, Narueporn Sutanthavibul

  • 1Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
|October 10, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Chitosan-coated cyclodextrin-based niosomes enable enhanced nose-to-brain delivery of rivastigmine and asiaticoside for Alzheimer's disease.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2026
Same author

The Molecular Structures of Liquid and Glassy Nifedipine and Felodipine and Their Incorporation into PVP.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

A study on the stability of ritonavir form III processed in orbit and returned to Earth.

NPJ microgravity·2026
Same author

Granule Moisture Content Prediction During Fluid Bed Drying.

AAPS PharmSciTech·2025
Same author

Drug Property Optimization: Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel Pharmaceutical Salts and Cocrystal-Salt of Lumefantrine.

Molecular pharmaceutics·2025
Same author

Accelerated Development of Pharmaceuticals Past, Present, and Future.

Pharmaceutical research·2024
Same journal

Green, renewable, or low-carbon? A framework for informed solvent selection in pharmaceutical sciences.

Journal of pharmaceutical sciences·2026
Same journal

Theranostic potential of ramucirumab functionalized magnetoliposomes for targeted delivery of sorafenib and MRI.

Journal of pharmaceutical sciences·2026
Same journal

Intranasal mucoadhesive chitosan microspheres of ranolazine: Formulation, design, and pharmacokinetic evaluation.

Journal of pharmaceutical sciences·2026
Same journal

Evolving landscape of drug development for pediatric rare diseases-from successes to strategies for addressing unmet needs.

Journal of pharmaceutical sciences·2026
Same journal

A mathematical framework for predicting tablet weight variability from blend particle size distribution and tooling geometry.

Journal of pharmaceutical sciences·2026
Same journal

Recrystallization can stop nitrosamine formation in ranitidine hydrochloride.

Journal of pharmaceutical sciences·2026
See all related articles

The solid-state conversion of norfloxacin (NF) hydrates is influenced by temperature and humidity. Understanding these factors is key to controlling NF hydrate stability and preventing unwanted transformations.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Science
  • Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

  • Norfloxacin (NF) is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic.
  • Understanding the solid-state properties of NF hydrates is crucial for drug formulation and stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize and evaluate the solid-state interconversion of various norfloxacin hydrates.
  • To investigate the impact of temperature and humidity on NF hydrate transformations.

Main Methods:

  • X-ray powder diffractometry (XRPD) for structural analysis.
  • Thermal analysis to assess thermal behavior.
  • Karl Fisher titrimetry for water content determination.

Main Results:

  • Four stoichiometric NF hydrates and a disordered state were identified.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Heating generally converted hydrates to anhydrous NF Form A, except for dihydrate and trihydrate.
  • Desiccation partially removed water, yielding transitional phases or a disordered state.
  • High humidity converted most forms to pentahydrate NF, except for dihydrate.

    • Conclusions:

    • Temperature, moisture levels, and exposure duration significantly affect the interconversion pathways and stoichiometry of anhydrous NF and its hydrates.
    • These findings are critical for controlling the solid-state form of norfloxacin during manufacturing and storage.