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Related Concept Videos

Inflammation01:38

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Overview
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

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Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Using En Face Immunofluorescence Staining to Observe Vascular Endothelial Cells Directly
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Using En Face Immunofluorescence Staining to Observe Vascular Endothelial Cells Directly

Published on: August 20, 2019

Trans-fatty acids induce pro-inflammatory responses and endothelial cell dysfunction.

Kevin A Harvey1, Tyler Arnold, Tamkeen Rasool

  • 1Cellular Biochemistry Laboratory, Methodist Research Institute, Clarian Health, 1701 N. Senate - Room E504, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.

The British Journal of Nutrition
|October 11, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Trans fatty acids (TFA) promote inflammation and dysfunction in human aortic endothelial cells. This study reveals TFA incorporation increases adhesion molecules, inflammatory markers, and alters angiogenic responses, contributing to cardiovascular risk.

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On-Chip Endothelial Inflammatory Phenotyping
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Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Using En Face Immunofluorescence Staining to Observe Vascular Endothelial Cells Directly
06:09

Using En Face Immunofluorescence Staining to Observe Vascular Endothelial Cells Directly

Published on: August 20, 2019

On-Chip Endothelial Inflammatory Phenotyping
12:43

On-Chip Endothelial Inflammatory Phenotyping

Published on: July 21, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Cell Biology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Epidemiological studies link trans-18:2 fatty acids (TFA) intake to sudden cardiac death.
  • Mechanisms of TFA's cardiovascular harm remain largely unknown.
  • This study investigates TFA effects on human aortic endothelial cell (HAEC) function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the in vitro effects of membrane-incorporated C18:2 TFA on HAEC function.
  • To assess TFA's impact on endothelial cell adhesion molecules, inflammatory responses, and angiogenic potential.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of C18:2 TFA into HAEC membranes.
  • Flow cytometry to analyze adhesion molecule expression (ICAM-1, VNR).
  • Assays for HAEC adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins, neutrophil/monocyte adhesion, MCP-1 release, and angiogenic assays (migration, capillary morphogenesis).

Main Results:

  • TFA incorporated more into HAEC phospholipids and TAGs than cis-fatty acids.
  • TFA increased HAEC expression of ICAM-1 and VNR, enhancing adhesion to fibronectin and vitronectin.
  • TFA elevated neutrophil and monocyte adhesion, induced MCP-1 release, increased chemotactic migration, and inhibited capillary morphogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • TFA incorporation induces pro-inflammatory responses in HAECs.
  • TFA contribute to endothelial cell dysfunction, potentially explaining cardiovascular risks.
  • Findings highlight TFA's detrimental role in cardiovascular health at the cellular level.