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Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Three and Four-Dimensional Visualization and Analysis Approaches to Study Vertebrate Axial Elongation and Segmentation
Published on: February 28, 2021
Modeling a vertebrate motor system: pattern generation, steering and control of body orientation
Sten Grillner1, Alexander Kozlov, Paolo Dario
1Nobel Institute for Neurophysiology, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Insititutet, Retzius väg 8, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. sten.grillner@ki.se
Abstract:
The lamprey is one of the few vertebrates in which the neural control system for goal-directed locomotion including steering and control of body orientation is well described at a cellular level. In this report we review the modeling of the central pattern-generating network, which has been carried out based on detailed experimentation. In the same way the modeling of the control system for steering and control of body orientation is reviewed, including neuromechanical simulations and robotic devices.
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