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[Tuberculosis and diabetes].

N O Touré1, Y Dia Kane, A Diatta

  • 1Service de Pneumologie, CHN de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal. nattouba@hotmail.com

Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires
|October 11, 2007
PubMed
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Diabetic patients with pulmonary tuberculosis showed similar radiological patterns but less cavitation than non-diabetics. However, diabetics experienced significantly higher mortality rates, often within 24 hours of hospitalization.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Diabetology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • A retrospective case-control study was conducted from January 1999 to August 2004.
  • It compared radiological tuberculosis (TB) appearances in 100 diabetic patients against age- and sex-matched controls with pulmonary TB.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in radiological presentations of pulmonary tuberculosis between diabetic and non-diabetic patients.
  • To assess the impact of diabetes on TB radiological manifestations and outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study design was employed.
  • Radiological appearances of pulmonary tuberculosis in 100 diabetic patients were compared to matched controls.
  • Data on patient demographics, diabetes type, and radiological findings were analyzed.

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Main Results:

  • Diabetes was present in 4.7% of 2116 hospitalized pulmonary TB patients, predominantly in men with Type II diabetes.
  • Radiological lesion proportions were similar, with parenchymal shadowing most frequent in both groups.
  • Cavitation was less frequent in diabetics (72%) than controls (88%) (p=0.04). Bilateral lesions were worse on the left in diabetics, with a trend towards more frequent basal lesions.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetic patients with pulmonary tuberculosis exhibited distinct radiological features, including reduced cavitation and a trend towards basal and left-sided bilateral lesions.
  • Mortality was significantly higher in diabetic patients (18%) compared to controls (6%), with deaths often occurring early in hospitalization.