Pharmacological control of altitude sickness

Acute mountain sickness has long been recognized as a potentially life-threatening condition afflicting otherwise healthy individuals who ascend rapidly to high altitude, where the partial pressure of oxygen in the air is reduced. The symptoms of acute mountain sickness are probably a consequence of disturbances in fluid balance brought about by severe tissue hypoxia. Acute mountain sickness can be prevented by an adequately slow ascent, which is the best method, but for those with limited time there are several drug therapies that provide a relatively good protection. John Coote describes these treatments and their possible mechanisms of pharmacological action.