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[Metabolic syndrome].

Hitoshi Anzai1, N Hayashida

  • 1Department of Cardiology, St. Luke International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Kyobu Geka. the Japanese Journal of Thoracic Surgery
|October 12, 2007
PubMed
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Metabolic syndrome (METS) involves clustered risk factors like high blood pressure and insulin resistance, increasing cardiovascular disease risk. Reducing visceral fat and addressing low adiponectin levels are key to managing this common condition.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiovascular Disease Research
  • Metabolic Health

Background:

  • Metabolic syndrome (METS), formerly "syndrome X," is a cluster of risk factors including hyperinsulinemia, hypertension, low HDL-cholesterol, and hypertriglyceridemia.
  • This clustering is strongly associated with insulin resistance and is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease in both Western and Japanese populations.
  • The prevalence of METS is high, necessitating effective diagnostic and management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of visceral fat accumulation in the Japanese diagnostic criteria for METS.
  • To emphasize the role of adiponectin, a bioactive substance secreted by adipose tissue, in the development of METS.
  • To underscore the clinical and public health significance of detecting, preventing, and treating METS.

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Main Methods:

  • The abstract discusses the evolution of the concept of metabolic syndrome and its diagnostic criteria.
  • It highlights the Japanese definition's emphasis on waist circumference due to its association with visceral fat.
  • The role of adiponectin and hypoadiponectinemia in METS development is examined.

Main Results:

  • Visceral fat accumulation is considered a more critical factor in METS than BMI or subcutaneous fat, particularly in the Japanese definition.
  • Adiponectin levels are paradoxically reduced in obesity, and lower levels are linked to reduced insulin sensitivity and METS development.
  • Hypoadiponectinemia is identified as a key factor in the pathogenesis of METS.

Conclusions:

  • Treatment strategies targeting visceral fat reduction are crucial for managing patients with METS.
  • Adiponectin's role suggests it as a potential biomarker or therapeutic target for METS.
  • The detection, prevention, and treatment of metabolic syndrome represent significant clinical and public health challenges.