[Benign space-occupying cysts in the testis. An overview]

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

• Testicular cysts are increasingly detected using high-resolution scrotal ultrasound.
• Accurate differential diagnosis is crucial for distinguishing benign from malignant testicular conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the differential diagnosis of testicular cysts.
• To outline management strategies for benign testicular cystic lesions.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on testicular cyst diagnosis and management.
• Classification of various benign cystic lesions of the testis.

Main Results:

• Common benign testicular cysts include tubular ectasia of the rete testis, cystic dysplasia, epidermoid cysts, simple intraparenchymatous cysts, and tunica albuginea cysts.
• Testicular dermoid cysts are now classified as benign.
• Most benign testicular lesions can be managed with organ-sparing surgery or active surveillance.

Conclusions:

• High-resolution ultrasound facilitates increased diagnosis of testicular cysts.
• Distinguishing benign from malignant cystic testicular lesions is essential for appropriate patient management.
• Benign testicular cysts often allow for conservative treatment approaches, preserving testicular function.