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Grating-assisted phase matching in extreme nonlinear optics.

Oren Cohen¹, Xiaoshi Zhang, Amy L Lytle

¹Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado at Boulder and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA. oren.cohen@colorado.edu

Physical Review Letters

|October 13, 2007

Summary

Researchers developed a novel phase matching technique for high harmonic generation, enabling bright, tunable, and coherent X-ray sources. This method uses a weak counterpropagating field to correct phase mismatches, requiring low intensities for implementation.

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Area of Science:

Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
Plasma Physics
X-ray Science

Background:

High harmonic generation (HHG) is a key process for producing coherent X-rays.
Plasma-induced phase mismatch is a major limitation in HHG, reducing conversion efficiency and beam quality.
Existing phase matching techniques are often complex or limited in applicability.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and theoretically validate a new, efficient phase matching technique for HHG.
To enable the generation of bright, tabletop, tunable, and coherent X-ray sources at keV photon energies.
To overcome the limitations imposed by plasma-induced phase mismatch in HHG.

Main Methods:

Development of an analytical model for grating-assisted X-ray phase matching.

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Utilizing a weak quasi-continuous-wave (quasi-cw) counterpropagating field.

Inducing a sinusoidal phase modulation in the emitted harmonics.

Main Results:

The proposed technique effectively corrects large plasma-induced phase mismatches.
Grating-assisted X-ray phase matching allows for efficient HHG.
Modest intensities (<10^10 W/cm^2) of the counterpropagating field are sufficient for implementation.

Conclusions:

The novel technique offers a practical solution for phase matching in HHG.
This advancement facilitates the development of advanced, compact X-ray sources.
The method is predicted to be efficient and require low driving field intensities.