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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Lewis Structures of Molecular Compounds and Polyatomic Ions

To draw Lewis structures for complicated molecules and molecular ions, it is helpful to follow a step-by-step procedure as outlined:
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
09:06

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Charge order superstructure with integer iron valence in Fe(2)OBO(3).

M Angst1, P Khalifah, R P Hermann

  • 1Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. angst@ornl.gov

Physical Review Letters
|October 13, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Iron oxyborate (Fe(2)OBO(3)) exhibits charge order around 340 K, confirmed by specific heat and spectroscopy. This ionic charge ordering in Fe(2)OBO(3) is the clearest example observed to date.

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Area of Science:

  • Solid-state chemistry
  • Materials science
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Understanding charge ordering phenomena in transition metal oxides is crucial for developing advanced electronic materials.
  • Iron oxyborate (Fe(2)OBO(3)) is a material with potential for interesting electronic and magnetic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the charge ordering behavior in single crystals of Fe(2)OBO(3).
  • To elucidate the structural and electronic characteristics associated with the charge ordered phase.

Main Methods:

  • Solution growth of Fe(2)OBO(3) single crystals.
  • Specific heat measurements to detect phase transitions.
  • Mössbauer spectroscopy for probing iron's electronic state.
  • X-ray diffraction for structural analysis and refinement.

Main Results:

  • A specific heat anomaly at 340 K signifies the onset of charge order.
  • X-ray diffraction revealed a doubling of the unit cell at low temperatures.
  • Combined analysis established diagonal charge order domains.
  • Bond-valence-sum analysis confirmed integer iron valence states in the ordered phase.

Conclusions:

  • Fe(2)OBO(3) presents the clearest example of ionic charge order observed to date.
  • The findings contribute to the fundamental understanding of charge ordering mechanisms in materials.
  • This study paves the way for exploring Fe(2)OBO(3) in potential electronic applications.