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[Antimicrobial activity of pefloxacin in comparison with other quinolones]
Abstract:
The antibiotic sensitivity of 338 microbial cultures isolated from patients with inflammatory renal and urinary diseases was studied. 66.3 per cent of the isolates proved to be poly-resistant which corresponded to rurological patient specificity. It was shown that abactal (pefloxacin, LEK, Yugoslavia) had a higher antimicrobial activity than the nonfluorinated quinolones especially against Staphylococci and a lower antimicrobial activity than the fluorinated quinolones in vitro. The abactal sensitivity to Pseudomonas aeruginosa amounted only to 23 per cent which was likely to be due to development of cross-resistance to ofloxacin. 1/3 of the polyresistant isolates were sensitive to abactal. The activity of abactal weakly depended on the medium pH. The MBC was generally no more than 2 MICs.
Insights
This study assessed antibiotic resistance in urinary tract infections. Abactal showed variable effectiveness, with some poly-resistant bacteria remaining sensitive.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Pharmacology
- Urology
Background:
- Inflammatory renal and urinary diseases are often associated with microbial infections.
- Antibiotic resistance is a growing concern in treating these conditions.
- Understanding pathogen sensitivity is crucial for effective treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the antibiotic sensitivity of microbial cultures from patients with inflammatory renal and urinary diseases.
- To assess the in vitro efficacy of abactal (pefloxacin) compared to other quinolones.
- To determine the prevalence of poly-resistance in urological patients.
Main Methods:
- Isolation and culture of 338 microbial strains from patient samples.
- Testing antibiotic sensitivity profiles, including poly-resistance.
- In vitro evaluation of abactal (pefloxacin) activity against various isolates.
- Comparison of abactal efficacy with non-fluorinated and fluorinated quinolones.
Main Results:
- 66.3% of isolates exhibited poly-resistance, characteristic of urological patients.
- Abactal demonstrated higher activity than non-fluorinated quinolones, particularly against Staphylococci.
- Abactal showed lower in vitro activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (23% sensitivity), possibly due to cross-resistance with ofloxacin.
- One-third of poly-resistant isolates were sensitive to abactal.
- Abactal's activity was minimally affected by medium pH, with most Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations (MBCs) at or below 2x Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs).
Conclusions:
- A high prevalence of poly-resistant bacteria exists in patients with inflammatory renal and urinary diseases.
- Abactal (pefloxacin) offers a potential treatment option, especially against certain Gram-positive bacteria, but resistance, particularly in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, is a concern.
- Further research into resistance mechanisms and optimal use of abactal in urological infections is warranted.