Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides02:17

Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides

Thiols and sulfides are sulfur analogs of alcohols and ethers, respectively, where the sulfur atom takes the place of the oxygen atom. Thus, thiols are generally represented as RSH, where R is an alkyl substituent and —SH is the functional group. On the other hand, in sulfides, the central sulfur atom is bonded to two hydrocarbon groups on either side. Depending upon the type of group, sulfides can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical. Both thiols and sulfides display a bent geometry, similar...
Chemical Bonds02:40

Chemical Bonds


Atoms participate in a chemical bond formation to acquire a completed valence-shell electron configuration similar to that of the noble gas nearest to it in atomic number. Ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds are some of the important types of chemical bonds. Bond energy and bond length determine the strength of a chemical bond.
Types of Chemical Bonds
An ionic bond is formed due to electrostatic attraction between cations and anions. Often, the ions are formed by the transfer of electrons from...
Bonding in Metals02:32

Bonding in Metals

Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”.
Introduction to Chemical Bonds01:01

Introduction to Chemical Bonds

Chemical Bonds
The electrons of the outermost energy level determine the energetic stability of the atom and its tendency to form chemical bonds with other atoms. The innermost electron shell has a maximum capacity of two electrons, but the next two electron shells can each have a maximum of eight electrons. This is known as the octet rule, which states that, with the exception of the innermost shell, atoms are most stable energetically when they have eight electrons in their valence shell, the...
Valence Bond Theory02:45

Valence Bond Theory

Overview of Valence Bond Theory
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Real-time digital assessment of sleep-cognition dynamics in dementia care dyads.

Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)·2026
Same author

Lessons learned from a qualitative evaluation of Veterans' experience with the VA tele-PAP program during the COVID pandemic.

Frontiers in health services·2026
Same author

Sleep aid usage following benzodiazepine receptor agonist tapering and cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in middle-aged and older adults.

Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine·2026
Same author

Correction: Treatment preferences for comorbid obesity and obstructive sleep apnea (PRO-CON OSA) survey: Patient and provider preferences for CPAP and/or tirzepatide.

Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine·2026
Same author

Trauma-Informed Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia in Women Veterans: An Intervention Development Study.

Cognitive and behavioral practice·2026
Same author

Experiential Avoidance is Associated with Insomnia Symptoms and Related Consequences Among Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

Behavioral sleep medicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Production of Disulfide-stabilized Transmembrane Peptide Complexes for Structural Studies
12:05

Production of Disulfide-stabilized Transmembrane Peptide Complexes for Structural Studies

Published on: March 6, 2013

The name's bond......disulfide bond.

Begoña Heras1, Mareike Kurz, Stephen R Shouldice

  • 1Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.

Current Opinion in Structural Biology
|October 16, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Structural biology reveals that yeast protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) and bacterial disulfide isomerases share similar architectures. This finding highlights conserved protein structures across prokaryotes and eukaryotes for disulfide bond formation.

More Related Videos

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
06:44

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

Synthesis of a Thiol Building Block for the Crystallization of a Semiconducting Gyroidal Metal-sulfur Framework
12:30

Synthesis of a Thiol Building Block for the Crystallization of a Semiconducting Gyroidal Metal-sulfur Framework

Published on: April 9, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Production of Disulfide-stabilized Transmembrane Peptide Complexes for Structural Studies
12:05

Production of Disulfide-stabilized Transmembrane Peptide Complexes for Structural Studies

Published on: March 6, 2013

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
06:44

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

Synthesis of a Thiol Building Block for the Crystallization of a Semiconducting Gyroidal Metal-sulfur Framework
12:30

Synthesis of a Thiol Building Block for the Crystallization of a Semiconducting Gyroidal Metal-sulfur Framework

Published on: April 9, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Structural biology
  • Protein biochemistry
  • Molecular evolution

Background:

  • Disulfide bond formation is crucial for protein folding and function in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
  • Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) in eukaryotes and Dsb proteins in bacteria are key players in catalyzing these reactions.
  • Previous studies suggested functional similarities but lacked detailed structural comparisons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine and compare the three-dimensional structures of key proteins involved in disulfide bond formation in yeast and bacteria.
  • To elucidate the molecular basis for the conserved architecture of these functionally related enzymes.
  • To provide insights into the evolutionary conservation of protein structures involved in redox homeostasis.

Main Methods:

  • X-ray crystallography was used to determine the structures of full-length yeast protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) and the bacterial membrane protein DsbB.
  • The crystal structure of DsbB was determined in complex with its redox partner DsbA.
  • Comparative structural analysis was performed between eukaryotic and prokaryotic disulfide bond-forming proteins.

Main Results:

  • The structure of yeast PDI revealed a U-shaped molecule with two redox-active sites, similar to bacterial DsbC and DsbG.
  • The structure of bacterial DsbB, a membrane protein, features a flexible redox loop within a four-helix bundle, analogous to eukaryotic Ero1p and Erv2p.
  • The DsbB-DsbA complex structure provided the first atomic-level view of their interaction.

Conclusions:

  • There is an extraordinary architectural similarity between functionally related disulfide oxidants and isomerases from prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
  • Conserved protein architectures suggest a common evolutionary origin or strong selective pressure for maintaining these structures.
  • These findings advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and evolution of disulfide bond formation across different life forms.