Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions01:17

Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions

The cerebellum, also known as the "little brain," is located in the posterior cranial fossa, inferior to the tentorium cerebelli and dorsal to the brainstem. It plays a significant role in motor control, coordination, and proprioception.
Cerebellar Structure
Externally, the cerebellum features a highly convoluted surface with numerous folia (narrow ridges) separated by shallow sulci (grooves). The cerebellum is divided into two hemispheres by a thin median structure known as the vermis. The...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...
Lymphoid Cells and Tissues01:18

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Th17-mediated antitumor immunity in patient-derived organoid and autologous immune cell cocultures predicts response to immunotherapy in head and neck cancer.

Immuno-oncology technology·2026
Same author

Understanding the pathology workforce: motivations, job satisfaction, and training perspectives in Germany.

Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology·2025
Same author

Rapid brain lymphoma diagnostics through nanopore sequencing of cytology-negative cerebrospinal fluid.

Acta neuropathologica·2024
Same author

[Clinical procedures for intraocular lymphomas].

Die Ophthalmologie·2022
Same author

[Genetic evolution of in situ follicular neoplasia to t(14;18)-positive aggressive B-cell lymphoma].

Der Pathologe·2021
Same author

[Organoids for the advancement of intraoperative diagnostic procedures].

Der Urologe. Ausg. A·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Wild-type Blocking PCR Combined with Sanger Sequencing for Detection of Low-frequency Somatic Mutation
07:17

Wild-type Blocking PCR Combined with Sanger Sequencing for Detection of Low-frequency Somatic Mutation

Published on: August 23, 2024

[Primary cerebellar T-cell lymphoma].

A Zimpfer1, M Wasner, F Fend

  • 1Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsspital Basel, Schönbeinstrasse 40, 4031, Basel, Schweiz.

Der Pathologe
|October 16, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Diagnosing rare central nervous system T-cell lymphomas requires advanced techniques. This case highlights the importance of molecular analysis and the potential complications of treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Primary central nervous system T-cell lymphomas (PCNS-TCL) are rare malignancies.
  • Distinguishing PCNS-TCL from reactive lesions is diagnostically challenging.
  • Immunohistochemistry, molecular genetic, and cytogenetic analyses are crucial for accurate diagnosis.

Observation:

  • A case of primary cerebellar T-cell lymphoma in a 50-year-old male is presented.
  • A clonal T-cell receptor gene rearrangement was identified, confirming clonality.
  • The patient received two cycles of methotrexate therapy.

Findings:

  • The patient developed Pneumocystis carinii-induced pneumonia following methotrexate treatment.
  • The patient died 10 weeks after diagnosis.

More Related Videos

Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma
10:52

Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Published on: March 30, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Wild-type Blocking PCR Combined with Sanger Sequencing for Detection of Low-frequency Somatic Mutation
07:17

Wild-type Blocking PCR Combined with Sanger Sequencing for Detection of Low-frequency Somatic Mutation

Published on: August 23, 2024

Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma
10:52

Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Published on: March 30, 2018

  • Autopsy revealed no residual tumor, suggesting treatment response or rapid disease progression.

    • Implications:

    • This case underscores the diagnostic utility of molecular genetic analysis in PCNS-TCL.
    • It highlights a severe adverse event (Pneumocystis pneumonia) associated with chemotherapy in immunocompromised patients.
    • The findings emphasize the need for careful monitoring and management of complications in PCNS-TCL patients.