[Renal oncocytomatosis in a patient receiving hemodialysis]

Renal oncocytosis is a rare pathology. We report the first case published of a patient with this disease undergoing combined pancreas-kidney transplantation.

We report the case of one patient with end stage chronic renal failure receiving hemodialysis with the incidental diagnosis of two renal oncocytomas and microscopic oncocytomatosis in a routine revision while awaiting for renal transplantation. Right radical nephrectomy was performed with the pathologic diagnosis of renal oncocytomas. The patient underwent combined kidney-pancreas transplantation nine months later.

The postoperative course was uneventful. After three years of follow-up the patient has not shown recurrence and the graft has normal function.

The presence of the antecedent of end stage renal disease under treatment with hemodialysis in patients with renal oncocytomatosis is striking, but the causative relationship is not established. The treatment for renal oncocytosis and pathologic characteristics present will condition when will be possible the performance of a kidney transplant in these patients, and will also condition prognosis. Longterm follow-up is recommendable due to the possibility of metachronic or bilateral involvement, and the association between renal oncocytomatosis and renal cell carcinoma in up to 32% of the cases.