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Related Concept Videos

Capillarity in Fluid01:19

Capillarity in Fluid

Capillarity describes the movement of liquid in small spaces without external forces acting on it. The capillarity is driven by surface tension and adhesive interactions between the liquid and surrounding solid surfaces. This effect is often seen in narrow tubes, porous materials, and fine particles.
Surface tension is crucial to capillarity. It results from cohesive forces between liquid molecules at the liquid-air boundary, forming a skin that resists external forces. When the capillary tube...
Pressure Variation in a Fluid at Rest01:11

Pressure Variation in a Fluid at Rest

In a fluid at rest, the pressure at any point beneath the fluid surface depends solely on the depth, not on the container's shape or size. This principle, known as hydrostatic pressure, arises because, in stationary fluids, there is no acceleration, meaning the forces within the fluid balance out. Only vertical forces, caused by the weight of the fluid above, contribute to pressure changes with depth.
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Laminar and Turbulent Flow01:07

Laminar and Turbulent Flow

Fluid dynamics is the study of fluids in motion. Velocity vectors are often used to illustrate fluid motion in applications like meteorology. For example, wind—the fluid motion of air in the atmosphere—can be represented by vectors indicating the speed and direction of the wind at any given point on a map. Another method for representing fluid motion is a streamline. A streamline represents the path of a small volume of fluid as it flows. When the flow pattern changes with time, the streamlines...
Viscosity of Fluid01:19

Viscosity of Fluid

Viscosity measures the resistance a fluid offers to flow and deformation. It results from internal friction between layers of fluid moving relative to one another. Dynamic viscosity, denoted by the Greek letter mu (μ), quantifies the force needed to move one fluid layer over another. For Newtonian fluids like water and air, the relationship between the shearing stress and the rate of shearing strain is linear, meaning their viscosity remains constant regardless of the applied stress.
Couette Flow01:22

Couette Flow

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Micro-particle Image Velocimetry for Velocity Profile Measurements of Micro Blood Flows
07:53

Micro-particle Image Velocimetry for Velocity Profile Measurements of Micro Blood Flows

Published on: April 25, 2013

Low-frequency velocity correlation spectrum of fluid in a rectangular microcapillary.

José A Fornés1, José M Ortiz de Zárate

  • 1Departamento de Física Aplicada I, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. jafornes@fis.ucm.es

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|October 18, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This study analyzes fluid flow in a semipermeable channel, revealing slow velocity decay and estimating effective diffusion coefficients. These findings are crucial for understanding fluid dynamics in microchannels.

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Fabrication, Operation and Flow Visualization in Surface-acoustic-wave-driven Acoustic-counterflow Microfluidics

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Computational Physics
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Fluid flow in confined geometries exhibits complex dynamics, including slow velocity correlation decay.
  • Understanding fluid behavior in microchannels is essential for various scientific and technological applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To numerically investigate the hydrodynamics of a viscous fluid in a rectangular semipermeable channel.
  • To analyze velocity fluctuations and relaxation times under a pressure gradient.
  • To estimate the effective diffusion coefficient of the fluid within the microchannel.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical solution of three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations for steady-state velocity fields.
  • Solving the Langevin equation to model fluid velocity dynamics.
  • Analyzing hydrodynamic fluctuations and relaxation times as a function of system parameters.

Main Results:

  • The study reports hydrodynamic fluctuations and relaxation times for the center-line velocity.
  • An effective diffusion coefficient (Deff = 1.43 x 10(-10) m2.s-1 at Re = 2) was estimated.
  • Results align with experimental observations in similar microchannel systems.

Conclusions:

  • The motion of a viscous fluid in a rectangular semipermeable channel is characterized by slow velocity correlation decay.
  • Numerical simulations provide valuable insights into fluid behavior and diffusion in microfluidic devices.
  • The findings contribute to the understanding of fluid dynamics in confined spaces.