Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cryptococcal Meningitis01:27

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever01:26

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is a severe tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a Gram-negative, coccobacillary bacterium. This pathogen is an obligate intracellular parasite, requiring a host cell for replication. Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected tick. In the United States, the most important vectors are Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) and Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick), though other tick species may also serve as vectors.
Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology01:26

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Endoscopic endonasal gross-total resection of pediatric craniopharyngioma invading the hypothalamus: rethinking the role of surgery.

Neurosurgical focus·2026
Same author

Decompression with or without Duraplasty for Chiari I and Syringomyelia.

The New England journal of medicine·2026
Same author

Ancestral genetic homogeneity in preclinical models may shape outcome differences in pediatric brain cancer.

Cancer research·2026
Same author

Developing a core outcome set for the NeuroPoint Alliance Quality Outcomes Database Pediatric Tumor Surgery Registry: a modified Delphi study.

Journal of neuro-oncology·2026
Same author

Machine learning-predicted chromatin organization landscape across pediatric tumors.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Safety of focused ultrasound in neuro-oncology: A summary of preclinical and clinical work.

Neuro-oncology advances·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Intracranial Orthotopic Allografting of Medulloblastoma Cells in Immunocompromised Mice
05:10

Intracranial Orthotopic Allografting of Medulloblastoma Cells in Immunocompromised Mice

Published on: October 3, 2010

Cerebellar cryptococcoma in an immunocompetent child. Case report.

Yakov Gologorsky1, Patricia DeLaMora, Mark M Souweidane

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, New York 10021, USA.

Journal of Neurosurgery
|October 19, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This report details the first pediatric cerebellar cryptococcoma, a fungal infection, in an immunocompetent child. Surgical removal followed by antifungal treatment successfully resolved the rare brain mass.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Intracranial Orthotopic Allografting of Medulloblastoma Cells in Immunocompromised Mice
05:10

Intracranial Orthotopic Allografting of Medulloblastoma Cells in Immunocompromised Mice

Published on: October 3, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Mycology

Background:

  • Cryptococcus neoformans typically affects immunocompromised individuals, particularly those with HIV.
  • Central nervous system (CNS) cryptococcomas have been documented in immunocompetent adults, but not previously in children.

Observation:

  • A previously healthy, HIV-negative child presented with headaches and nausea due to a large cerebellar mass.
  • Initial intraoperative analysis suggested an astrocytic tumor, leading to gross-total resection.

Findings:

  • Postoperative diagnosis confirmed a cryptococcal abscess (cryptococcoma), not a tumor.
  • Antifungal therapy resulted in complete symptom resolution and normalized serum titers.

Implications:

  • Cryptococcoma is a rare cause of cerebellar ring-enhancing lesions, even in immunocompetent patients.
  • Surgical resection of large, isolated CNS cryptococcomas, especially in the posterior fossa, is advocated.