Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Optimizing Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery: A Fully 3D CT O-Arm Navigated Workflow in MIS TLIF
Published on: October 17, 2025
M K Chmarra1, C A Grimbergen, J Dankelman
1Department of BioMechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands. m.k.chmarra@tudelft.nl
Objective assessment of surgical skills in minimally invasive surgery is crucial. Motion analysis using tracking systems for laparoscopic instruments is a key method, but current systems have limitations for widespread use.
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