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Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Eye-tracking Technology and Data-mining Techniques used for a Behavioral Analysis of Adults engaged in Learning Processes

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Published on: June 10, 2021

E-learning: is this teaching at students or teaching with students?

Robert John Muirhead¹

¹School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, Scotland, UK. r.muirhead@dundee.ac.uk

|October 20, 2007

Summary

E-learning in higher education impacts student learning and critical thinking. This study finds e-learning

Area of Science:

Education
Higher Education
Nursing Education

Background:

E-learning is increasingly adopted in higher education.
Theories of andragogy and pedagogy underpin e-learning development.
Concerns exist regarding e-learning's impact on critical thinking.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the andragogical and pedagogical theories supporting e-learning.
To discuss e-learning's potential contribution to a "stamp-me-smart" culture.
To examine the effect of e-learning on critical thinking in student nurses.

Main Methods:

Theoretical debate and discussion.
Analysis of e-learning's role in higher education.
Examination of pedagogical and andragogical principles.

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Project-Based Learning Guidelines for Health Sciences Students: An Analysis with Data Mining and Qualitative Techniques

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Eye-tracking Technology and Data-mining Techniques used for a Behavioral Analysis of Adults engaged in Learning Processes

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Published on: June 10, 2021

Project-Based Learning Guidelines for Health Sciences Students: An Analysis with Data Mining and Qualitative Techniques

Project-Based Learning Guidelines for Health Sciences Students: An Analysis with Data Mining and Qualitative Techniques

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Main Results:

E-learning development is often institution-led and top-down.
This top-down approach contrasts with student-led learning principles.
E-learning may foster superficial learning over critical thinking.

Conclusions:

E-learning's institutional-led development may hinder critical thinking.
The current trajectory of e-learning may not align with student-centered learning goals.
Rethinking e-learning strategies is necessary to promote deeper learning.