Endovascular stenting for primary aortobronchial fistula in association with massive hemoptysis

Aortobronchial fistula is a potentially lethal complication secondary to the repair of a descending thoracic aneurysm or the placement of a prosthetic graft. Few cases have been reported. Very rarely, primary aortobronchial fistula occurs in a patient who has no history of cardiac surgical intervention. Herein, we present the cases of 2 patients whose massive, life-threatening bleeding from primary aortobronchial fistulae was successfully treated with endovascular stenting. Endovascular stenting is an emerging treatment method that can be used in this emergency setting with promising results and without early graft-related sequelae.