Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 10, 2026
A Nonviral Approach to Generate Transient Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Using mRNA for Cancer Immunotherapy
Published on: February 21, 2025
Risk of secondary malignancies in testicular tumors
1Department of Oncology, Hospital Ceske Budejovice, B Nemcové 54, 370 87 Ceske Budejovice. siffnerova@nemcb.cz
Abstract:
The work is aimed at the occurrence of secondary malignancies after therapy for primary testicular tumors. The target of the work was determination of the number and type of secondary tumors, their effect on the survival and comparison of relative risk of the origination of secondary tumors depending on particular treatment modalities. Total of 313 patients with testicular tumors were assessed, who experienced orchiectomy in 1968 to 1998 with subsequent irradiation, chemotherapy or combination of the two modalities. Total of 22 secondary tumors, i.e. 7%, were found in the group. The relative risk of the secondary malignancy development was of 1.04. The median time till the secondary tumor occurrence was of 143 months. Total of 213 patients were subjected to radiotherapy, which was associated with enhanced risk of the secondary tumor development (RR = 8.38); the risk in 100 patients treated by chemotherapy was lower (RR = 0.38). The relative risk of the origination of the secondary malignancy located in the region of preceding irradiation is low (RR = 0.52). In the case of the occurrence of secondary malignancies, the median symptomless survival and the total survival decreased from 271 months to 187.3 and 199.8 months, respectively. Most patients with testicular tumors have favourable long-term prognosis and thus, it is desirable to know the risk of secondary malignancies and to include it into plan of long-term subsequent follow-up.
Insights
Secondary malignancies can occur after testicular tumor treatment. Radiotherapy significantly increases secondary cancer risk, while chemotherapy shows a lower risk, impacting patient survival.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Cancer Research
- Clinical Epidemiology
Background:
- Testicular tumors are highly curable, leading to long-term survival.
- Understanding secondary malignancy risk is crucial for long-term patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence and types of secondary malignancies after testicular tumor therapy.
- To assess the impact of secondary tumors on patient survival.
- To compare the relative risk of secondary tumors based on treatment modalities.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 313 patients treated for testicular tumors between 1968 and 1998.
- Patients underwent orchiectomy followed by radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or both.
- Secondary tumor occurrence, type, and survival data were collected and analyzed.
Main Results:
- 22 secondary tumors (7%) were identified.
- Overall relative risk for secondary malignancy was 1.04.
- Radiotherapy significantly increased secondary tumor risk (RR = 8.38), while chemotherapy showed a lower risk (RR = 0.38).
- Secondary malignancies reduced median symptomless and overall survival.
Conclusions:
- Testicular cancer survivors face a risk of secondary malignancies, particularly after radiotherapy.
- Long-term follow-up plans should incorporate secondary cancer surveillance.
- Risk stratification based on treatment modality is essential for personalized survivorship care.
