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Related Concept Videos

Stroke: Introduction and Types01:29

Stroke: Introduction and Types

A stroke is an acute neurological event caused by the sudden disruption of cerebral blood flow, leading to rapid loss of neuronal function. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief interruptions can cause irreversible injury within minutes. Strokes are classified into ischemic and hemorrhagic types.Ischemic StrokeIschemic strokes are most common and occur due to arterial occlusion, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. This leads to energy failure, ionic...
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology

Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this barrier loses...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Intrastriatal Injection of Autologous Blood or Clostridial Collagenase as Murine Models of Intracerebral Hemorrhage
09:41

Intrastriatal Injection of Autologous Blood or Clostridial Collagenase as Murine Models of Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Published on: July 3, 2014

Intracerebral haemorrhage revisited.

C J Dickinson1

  • 1Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK. c.j.dickinson@qmul.ac.uk

QJM : Monthly Journal of the Association of Physicians
|October 24, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Acute intracerebral hemorrhage often follows ischemic stroke. This review questions if current guidelines for intravenous thrombolytic treatment in acute stroke are too restrictive, potentially delaying crucial care.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • Acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is frequently observed to initiate 1-2 hours post-thromboembolic ischemic stroke.
  • Intravenous thrombolytic therapy represents a standard treatment for acute ischemic stroke.
  • Current clinical protocols mandate brain imaging prior to thrombolysis to preclude administration in cases of pre-existing hemorrhage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically evaluate the existing guidelines for administering thrombolytic therapy in acute stroke patients.
  • To investigate whether current treatment protocols are overly restrictive, potentially hindering timely intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on the timing of intracerebral hemorrhage post-ischemic stroke.

More Related Videos

Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Intracerebral Hemorrhage Evacuation
09:01

Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Intracerebral Hemorrhage Evacuation

Published on: October 15, 2021

Pre-Chiasmatic, Single Injection of Autologous Blood to Induce Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Rat Model
09:14

Pre-Chiasmatic, Single Injection of Autologous Blood to Induce Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Rat Model

Published on: June 18, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Intrastriatal Injection of Autologous Blood or Clostridial Collagenase as Murine Models of Intracerebral Hemorrhage
09:41

Intrastriatal Injection of Autologous Blood or Clostridial Collagenase as Murine Models of Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Published on: July 3, 2014

Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Intracerebral Hemorrhage Evacuation
09:01

Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Intracerebral Hemorrhage Evacuation

Published on: October 15, 2021

Pre-Chiasmatic, Single Injection of Autologous Blood to Induce Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Rat Model
09:14

Pre-Chiasmatic, Single Injection of Autologous Blood to Induce Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Rat Model

Published on: June 18, 2021

  • Analysis of current clinical guidelines for thrombolytic therapy in acute ischemic stroke.
  • Discussion of the implications of imaging protocols on treatment initiation.

    • Main Results:

    • Evidence indicates a temporal relationship between ischemic stroke and the onset of intracerebral hemorrhage.
    • The necessity of pre-treatment imaging is highlighted to prevent thrombolysis in hemorrhagic cases.
    • The study posits that current guidelines may be excessively cautious.

    Conclusions:

    • The timing of intracerebral hemorrhage following ischemic stroke warrants careful consideration in treatment protocols.
    • Current guidelines for thrombolytic treatment in acute stroke may require re-evaluation for potential over-restrictiveness.
    • Further research may be needed to refine treatment algorithms and optimize patient outcomes.