Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis in pregnancy

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Endocrinology
• Metabolic Disorders

Background:

• Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious pregnancy complication affecting nearly 9% of diabetic pregnancies.
• DKA can lead to maternal and fetal mortality, fetal distress, and adverse neurological outcomes.
• Euglycemic DKA, characterized by normal blood glucose levels, is a rare form typically seen in Type I diabetics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a case of euglycemic DKA in a pregnant patient with Type II diabetes.
• To highlight the importance of considering euglycemic DKA in pregnant Type II diabetics.
• To emphasize the need for prompt management of this rare condition.

Main Methods:

• A case study of a 37-year-old Saudi female with Type II diabetes in her fifth pregnancy.
• Diagnosis of euglycemic DKA confirmed with blood glucose level of 4.3 mmol/L (78 mg/dL).
• Treatment involved intravenous dextrose and insulin administration.

Main Results:

• The patient demonstrated gradual improvement following treatment.
• The case illustrates that euglycemic DKA can occur in pregnant patients with Type II diabetes.
• Successful management was achieved with standard DKA treatment protocols.

Conclusions:

• Euglycemic DKA should be considered in pregnant patients with Type II diabetes.
• Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential for favorable maternal and fetal outcomes.
• This case expands the understanding of DKA presentation in pregnancy.