Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection

Physical assessment of the respiratory tract through inspection is a crucial step in understanding the patient's respiratory health. It provides insights into the functioning of the respiratory system, the musculoskeletal structure, and even the patient's nutritional status. This comprehensive approach involves observing several vital aspects: chest configuration, breathing patterns, respiratory rates, skin color, and use of accessory muscles.
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration can...

The Thoracic Cage: Sternum

The Thoracic Cage: Sternum

The thoracic or rib cage forms the body's thorax (chest) portion. Its primary function in the body is to protect vital organs in the thoracic cavity, such as the heart and the lungs. It consists of 12 pairs of ribs with their costal cartilages and the sternum. The ribs are anchored posteriorly to the 12 thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12).
The sternum is the elongated bony structure on the anterior side of the thoracic cage. It consists of three parts: the manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid process.

Muscles of the Thorax

Muscles of the Thorax

The thorax muscles are central to the body's respiration and provide essential support and movement for the upper body. They are intricately designed to facilitate the complex breathing process while also contributing to the structural integrity and mobility of the chest and upper limbs.
The diaphragm is at the core of thoracic musculature, the primary muscle involved in breathing. This expansive, dome-shaped muscle marks the division between the thoracic and abdominal cavities. It originates...

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:

The Thoracic Cage: Ribs

The Thoracic Cage: Ribs

Ribs are curved, flattened bones forming the thoracic cavity wall with the thoracic muscles. There are 12 pairs of thoracic ribs. The posterior ends of all the ribs articulate with the T1–T12 thoracic vertebrae. In contrast,the anterior ends of most ribs attach to the sternum via their costal cartilages.
Parts of a Typical Rib
A typical rib has a head, neck, and body. The posterior end of the rib is called the head, followed by a narrow neck. The head articulates primarily with the costal facet...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

ALTEPLASE AND METHYLPREDNISOLONE ASSOCIATED TREATMENT MODULATE MICROCIRCULATION AND INFLAMMATION ON BRAIN DEATH DONORS.

Shock (Augusta, Ga.)·2026

Same author

Parallel-bar versus cross-bar configurations in the Nuss procedure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal of thoracic disease·2026

Same author

Long-term continuous monitoring of wearable ECG signals for atrial fibrillation detection.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

Analysis of all Video-Assisted Thoracic Sympathectomy for Hyperhidrosis over 9 Years in Brazil: Trends, Costs, and In-Hospital Mortality over 200 Million Inhabitants.

Annals of vascular surgery·2026

Same author

The use of an objective method (continuous exosomatic electrodermal activity without external stimuli) to evaluate patients with hyperhidrosis undergoing video-assisted sympathectomy.

Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil)·2026

Same author

Effects of Ventilation During Warm Ischemia in a Rat Lung Perfusion Model.

The Journal of surgical research·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Clinical Anthropometrics and Body Composition from 3-Dimensional Optical Imaging

Clinical Anthropometrics and Body Composition from 3-Dimensional Optical Imaging

Published on: June 7, 2024

Anthropometric index for Pectus excavatum.

Eduardo Baldassari Rebeis¹, José Ribas Milanez de Campos, Angelo Fernandez

¹Thoracic Surgery Service, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. eduardo.rebeis@merconet.com.br

Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)

|October 24, 2007

Summary

A new anthropometric index (AI) effectively diagnoses pectus excavatum (PEX) and assesses surgical outcomes. This clinical measure correlates highly with established Haller index (HI) and lower vertebral index (LVI) for PEX evaluation.

More Related Videos

Diaphragmatic Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition and Interpretation

Diaphragmatic Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition and Interpretation

Published on: January 31, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Clinical Anthropometrics and Body Composition from 3-Dimensional Optical Imaging

Clinical Anthropometrics and Body Composition from 3-Dimensional Optical Imaging

Published on: June 7, 2024

Diaphragmatic Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition and Interpretation

Diaphragmatic Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition and Interpretation

Published on: January 31, 2025

Area of Science:

Thoracic surgery
Medical imaging
Anthropometry

Background:

Pectus excavatum (PEX) is a chest wall deformity characterized by sternal depression.
Objective measures for PEX classification and assessment are limited.
Existing indices like Haller index (HI) and lower vertebral index (LVI) have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a novel anthropometric index (AI) for PEX.
To compare the diagnostic and assessment capabilities of AI with HI and LVI.
To evaluate AI's utility in preoperative and postoperative PEX management.

Main Methods:

A cohort of 30 healthy individuals and 20 PEX patients were studied.
AI (clinical), HI (tomographic), and LVI (radiographic) were measured.
PEX patients underwent modified Ravitch surgery and were reassessed postoperatively.

Main Results:

AI demonstrated high correlation with HI (80%) and LVI (79%).
Established cut-off points (AI=0.12, HI=3.10, LVI=0.25) showed >75% accuracy in diagnosing PEX preoperatively.
Postoperative AI values normalized in 100% of cases, indicating effective surgical correction.

Conclusions:

The anthropometric index (AI) provides accurate PEX measurement.
AI correlates well with HI and LVI, offering similar diagnostic accuracy.
AI facilitates effective comparison of preoperative defect severity and postoperative results.