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Abdominal compartment syndrome.

Aashish Patel1, Chandana G Lall, S Gregory Jennings

  • 1Department of Radiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 550 N University Blvd., Suite UH 0279, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.

AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology
|October 24, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) involves increased intraabdominal pressure causing organ dysfunction. Radiologists can identify ACS using CT findings like elevated diaphragm and bowel wall thickening.

Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is a critical condition characterized by elevated intraabdominal pressure (IAP) leading to organ dysfunction.
  • Early recognition and management are crucial for patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, radiologic findings, and treatment strategies for ACS.
  • To highlight the role of diagnostic imaging, particularly CT, in identifying ACS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and imaging findings of ACS.
  • Analysis of computed tomography (CT) signs associated with ACS.

Main Results:

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  • ACS is defined by acute increases in IAP causing secondary organ damage.
  • Key CT findings include elevated diaphragm, collapsed inferior vena cava, bowel wall thickening, and increased abdominal girth.

    • Conclusions:

    • ACS is underreported in radiology literature.
    • Radiologists can suspect ACS based on a combination of CT findings, prompting timely clinical evaluation and intervention.