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Related Concept Videos

What are Membranes?01:24

What are Membranes?

A cell's plasma membrane demarcates the cell's borders and determines the nature of its interaction with the environment. Cells exclude certain substances, take in others, and excrete some others in controlled quantities. The plasma membrane must be flexible to allow certain cells, such as red and white blood cells, to change their shape while passing through narrow capillaries. These are the more obvious plasma membrane functions. In addition, the plasma membrane's surface carries markers that...
What are Membranes?01:54

What are Membranes?

A key characteristic of life is the ability to separate the external environment from the internal space. To do this, cells have evolved semi-permeable membranes that regulate the passage of biological molecules. Additionally, the cell membrane defines a cell’s shape and interactions with the external environment. Eukaryotic cell membranes also serve to compartmentalize the internal space into organelles, including the endomembrane structures of the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi...
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ATP Driven Pumps II: P-type Pumps01:34

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Plasma Membrane in Bacteria and Archaea01:27

Plasma Membrane in Bacteria and Archaea

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Facilitated Diffusion

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Spot Variation Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy for Analysis of Molecular Diffusion at the Plasma Membrane of Living Cells
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Plasma-membrane Ca(2+) pumps: structural diversity as the basis for functional versatility.

E E Strehler1, A G Filoteo, J T Penniston

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, U.S.A. strehler.emanuel@mayo.edu

Biochemical Society Transactions
|October 25, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Structural diversity in plasma-membrane calcium pumps (PMCAs) creates functional versatility. Alternative splicing generates variants with distinct regulatory interactions and cellular localization, impacting calcium signaling.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Plasma-membrane calcium pumps (PMCAs) are crucial for maintaining cellular calcium homeostasis and regulating intracellular calcium signaling.
  • PMCAs play vital roles in diverse physiological processes, including auditory function, sperm motility, cardiac signaling, and neuronal calcium regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the structural diversity of mammalian PMCA isoforms (1-4) and their variants generated by alternative RNA splicing.
  • To elucidate how structural differences contribute to the functional versatility and differential regulation of PMCAs.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of structural diversity in PMCA isoforms and their alternatively spliced variants.
  • Investigating the regulatory interactions of PMCA variants with calmodulin (CaM), kinases, and other signaling proteins.
  • Examining the differential targeting and membrane localization of PMCA variants.

Main Results:

  • Alternative RNA splicing generates multiple PMCA variants with distinct C-terminal tails.
  • The alternatively spliced C-terminal tail acts as an autoinhibitory domain, modulating pump activity.
  • Differences in CaM interaction and regulation exist between PMCA variants, leading to varied responses to calcium signals.

Conclusions:

  • Structural diversity, particularly in alternatively spliced regions, underlies the functional versatility of PMCAs.
  • PMCA variants exhibit distinct regulatory properties and cellular localization, enabling precise control of calcium signaling.
  • Understanding PMCA structural-functional relationships is key to comprehending calcium homoeostasis and signaling in eukaryotic cells.