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Updated: Jul 10, 2026

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Published on: April 4, 2018
Phagosomal acidification: measurement, manipulation and functional consequences
B E Steinberg1, K K Huynh, S Grinstein
1Cell Biology Programme, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 1X8.
Phagosome acidification is crucial for innate and adaptive immunity, enabling pathogen destruction and antigen presentation. This process also regulates phagosome maturation, acting as a timing mechanism for immune cell function.
Area of Science:
- * Immunology
- * Cellular Biology
- * Biochemistry
Background:
- * Phagocytosis is essential for innate and adaptive immune responses.
- * Pathogen destruction and antigen presentation require phagosome acidification.
- * Phagosome acidification involves both pH gradient and electrical potential.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To review the mechanisms of phagosome acidification.
- * To describe a method for measuring phagosomal membrane electrical potential.
- * To discuss the role of acidification in phagosome maturation.
Main Methods:
- * Review of existing literature on phagosome acidification.
- * Description of an in situ method for measuring phagosomal membrane electrical potential.
Main Results:
- * Acidification is driven by both chemical (pH) gradient and electrical potential.
- * A method for in situ measurement of electrical potential is presented.
- * Acidification is a critical determinant, not just a consequence, of phagosome maturation.
Conclusions:
- * Phagosome acidification is a key regulator of immune responses.
- * Luminal acidification acts as a timing device for phagosome maturation.
- * Understanding these mechanisms is vital for immune system research.
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