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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Assessment of Murine Exercise Endurance Without the Use of a Shock Grid: An Alternative to Forced Exercise

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Published on: August 14, 2014

IL-6 signalling in exercise and disease.

¹Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism, Department of Infectious Diseases, and Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. bkp@rh.dk

Biochemical Society Transactions

|October 25, 2007

Summary

Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a cytokine produced by skeletal muscle, enhances glucose uptake and fat oxidation. This suggests IL-6 and other myokines may help defend against Type 2 diabetes.

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Assessment of Murine Exercise Endurance Without the Use of a Shock Grid: An Alternative to Forced Exercise

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Published on: August 14, 2014

Conducting Maximal and Submaximal Endurance Exercise Testing to Measure Physiological and Biological Responses to Acute Exercise in Humans

Conducting Maximal and Submaximal Endurance Exercise Testing to Measure Physiological and Biological Responses to Acute Exercise in Humans

Published on: October 17, 2018

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Metabolism
Immunology

Background:

Low-grade chronic inflammation is linked to Type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance.
Cytokines play crucial roles in both immune regulation and metabolic processes.
Skeletal muscle is a significant source of various cytokines, known as myokines.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the metabolic and anti-inflammatory roles of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) produced by skeletal muscle.
To explore the potential of IL-6 as a therapeutic target for Type 2 diabetes.

Main Methods:

Analysis of IL-6 production in skeletal myocytes in response to contraction.
Assessment of IL-6 effects on glucose uptake, fatty acid oxidation, and GLUT4 translocation in myotubes.
Investigation of IL-6's impact on AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling.
Evaluation of IL-6's anti-inflammatory effects, including suppression of Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNFα).

Main Results:

IL-6 infusion increased glucose disposal in healthy humans during hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps.
IL-6 treatment enhanced fatty acid oxidation, glucose uptake, and GLUT4 translocation in myotubes.
IL-6 rapidly increased AMPK activity, and its metabolic effects were dependent on AMPK.
IL-6 demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties by promoting anti-inflammatory cytokine production and suppressing TNFα.

Conclusions:

Skeletal muscle-derived IL-6 acts in a hormone-like manner to improve glucose metabolism and fat oxidation.
IL-6 signaling, particularly through AMPK, is a key mediator of these metabolic benefits.
IL-6 exhibits anti-inflammatory effects, potentially counteracting the inflammation associated with Type 2 diabetes.
IL-6 and other myokines represent a promising therapeutic avenue for managing Type 2 diabetes.