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Sensory evoked potentials in herpes simplex encephalitis.

U Aguglia1, G Farnarier, A Gambardella

  • 1Clinica Neurologica, Facoltà di Medicina, Catanzaro, Italy.

Neurophysiologie Clinique = Clinical Neurophysiology
|October 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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This study investigated sensory evoked potentials in herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE). Abnormalities in flash visual potentials, somatosensory evoked potentials, and auditory brainstem responses were observed, correlating with disease severity.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Neurology
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is a severe neurological condition.
  • Evoked potentials are valuable tools for assessing brain function.

Observation:

  • Flash visual potentials (FEPs), somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs), and auditory brainstem responses (ABR) were recorded in a patient with HSE.
  • The patient presented with clinical, EEG, and CT scan features of HSE.
  • Evoked potential recordings were performed 10 days after disease onset during barbiturate anesthesia.

Findings:

  • Cortical FEPs showed abnormalities, with some responses absent and others exhibiting delayed components.
  • SEPs revealed absent N20 peaks and altered N33 waves, despite normal conduction times.

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  • ABRs were absent on one side and showed delayed wave V with prolonged interpeak latency on the other.

    • Implications:

    • Evoked potential changes in HSE likely result from necrotic-hemorrhagic damage, coma, and increased intracranial pressure.
    • These findings highlight the utility of evoked potentials in monitoring HSE progression and severity.
    • Understanding these electrophysiological alterations aids in diagnosing and managing HSE patients.