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Related Concept Videos

Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Expanding Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes from Umbilical Cord Blood that Target Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr Virus, and Adenovirus
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CMV-specific central memory T cells reside in bone marrow.

Anne Letsch1, Maren Knoedler, Il-Kang Na

  • 1Department of Hematology, Oncology, Charité, Berlin, Germany.

European Journal of Immunology
|October 26, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific central memory T cells (TCM) are rare in peripheral blood but abundant in bone marrow. Bone marrow is a key immune site and a potential source for CMV-specific TCM for adoptive transfer therapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific CD8(+) T cell responses in peripheral blood (PB) typically show a high proportion of effector and effector memory cells.
  • Central memory T cells (TCM), vital for long-term immunity, are infrequently found in PB.
  • The distribution and function of CMV pp65-specific CD8(+) T cells in PB versus bone marrow (BM) remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the differentiation and function of CMV pp65-specific CD8(+) T cells in paired human PB and BM samples.
  • To investigate the presence and characteristics of CMV-specific TCM in BM compared to PB.
  • To assess the potential of BM-derived CMV-specific T cells for therapeutic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of paired peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) samples.
  • Intracellular cytokine staining and tetramer staining to identify CMV pp65-specific CD8(+) T cells.
  • In vitro expansion of CMV-specific T cells from PB and BM.

Main Results:

  • Frequencies of CMV pp65-specific T cells were comparable in PB and BM.
  • CMV-specific CD45RA(-)CCR7(+) TCM were predominantly found in BM, not due to general TCM accumulation.
  • CMV-specific T cells showed more efficient expansion from BM (median 128-fold) than from PB (median 72-fold).

Conclusions:

  • The bone marrow (BM) serves as a reservoir for CMV-specific central memory T cells (TCM).
  • These findings support the concept of BM as a secondary immune organ.
  • BM-derived CMV-specific TCM represent a promising source for T cell-based adoptive immunotherapy.