Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Radioactive in situ Hybridization for Detecting Diverse Gene Expression Patterns in Tissue
17:38

Radioactive in situ Hybridization for Detecting Diverse Gene Expression Patterns in Tissue

Published on: April 27, 2012

Sex difference in Ad4BP/SF-1 mRNA expression in the chick-embryo brain before gonadal sexual differentiation

Daisuke Endo1, Shizuko Murakami, Yasuhisa Akazome

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.

Zoological Science
|October 27, 2007
PubMed

More Related Videos

RNA-Seq Analysis of Differential Gene Expression in Electroporated Chick Embryonic Spinal Cord11:13

RNA-Seq Analysis of Differential Gene Expression in Electroporated Chick Embryonic Spinal Cord

Published on: November 1, 2014

Dissection of Larval Zebrafish Gonadal Tissue10:43

Dissection of Larval Zebrafish Gonadal Tissue

Published on: April 26, 2017

Related Concept Videos

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
The Y Chromosome Determines Maleness02:19

The Y Chromosome Determines Maleness

The Y chromosome is a sex chromosome found in several vertebrates and mammals, including humans. In addition to 22 pairs of autosomes, the human males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. In these organisms, the presence or absence of the Y chromosome determines the development of male traits.
Evolution
Around 300 million years ago, the two sex chromosomes diverged from two identical autosomal chromosomes. Over time, the Y chromosome has lost most of its genes, shrinking in size. Today,...
The Ratio of X Chromosome to Autosomes02:45

The Ratio of X Chromosome to Autosomes

In most organisms, sex is determined by the ratio of X and Y chromosomes. However, in some organisms, such as Drosophila and C.elegans, sex is determined by the ratio of the number of X chromosomes to the number of sets of autosomes. The Y chromosome in Drosophila is active but does not determine sex. It contains genes responsible for the production of sperms in adult flies.  
Normal male Drosophila has a ratio of one X chromosome to two sets of autosomes. In contrast, normal female Drosophila...
Dosage Compensation02:50

Dosage Compensation

In animals, gender is determined by the number and type of sex chromosome. For example, human females have two X chromosomes, and males have one X and one Y chromosome, whereas C.elegans with one X chromosome is a male, and the one with two X chromosomes is a hermaphrodite.
In addition to sexual development, the X chromosome has genes involved in autosomal functions such as brain development and the immune system. Therefore, males and females with  distinct numbers of X chromosomes will have...
Development of the Sexual Organs in the Embryo and Fetus01:15

Development of the Sexual Organs in the Embryo and Fetus

Development of the reproductive organs in an embryo starts from a bipotential state. This means the early embryo can develop either male or female reproductive organs. The formation of these organs begins with the growth of gonadal ridges that arise from the intermediate mesoderm during the fifth week of development.
Near the gonadal ridges, two duct systems are present: the mesonephric ducts (Wolffian ducts) and paramesonephric ducts (Müllerian ducts). These ducts form the basis for the male...